KAVAN Smart PRO SBEC ESCs - Instruction manual/en: Difference between revisions

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<languages/>
<languages/>
== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
The KAVAN SMART PRO product line represents advanced AC motor controllers for use exclusively in RC model aircraft. With integrated telemetry and various user configuration options, the controllers offer high efficiency, low weight and precise motor control. The integrated powerful BEC offers a continuous output current of up to 15A and is suitable for even the most demanding applications. Full BEC circuit performance is available at any battery voltage within the controller specification (6-51V).
'''Smart programmable electronic controllers for brushless motors'''
 
Congratulations on purchasing the '''KAVAN Smart PRO''' line electronic speed controller for brushless motors. The '''KAVAN Smart PRO''' product line represents advanced brushless motor controllers for use exclusively in RC model aircraft. With integrated telemetry and various user configuration options, the controllers offer high efficiency, low weight and precise motor control. The integrated powerful BEC offers a continuous output current of up to 15 A and is suitable for even the most demanding applications. Full BEC circuit performance is available at any battery voltage within the controller specification (6–51 V).


=== Features ===
=== Features ===


* Small size combined with high power for motor control.
* Small size combined with high power for motor control.
* High performance BEC switching circuit offers continuous current up to 15A (30A max). Overcurrent and overtemperature protection are included.
* High-performance BEC switching circuit offers continuous current up to 15 A (30 A max). Overcurrent and overtemperature protection are included.
* BEC voltage adjustment in 0.1V steps.
* BEC voltage adjustment in 0.1V steps.
* Over-voltage and under-voltage protection, over-temperature protection, protection against sudden motor stop.
* Over-voltage and under-voltage protection, over-temperature protection and protection against sudden motor stop.
* Adjustable current limiter.
* Adjustable current limiter.
* Fast and accurate Heli/governor mode with many adjustment options.
* Fast and accurate Heli/governor mode with many adjustment options.
* Safety motor shutdown in case of loss of throttle impulse.
* Safety motor shutdown in case of loss of throttle impulse.
* Configurable acceleration, timing, electromagnetic brake, motor reversal, etc.
* Configurable acceleration, timing, electromagnetic brake, motor reversal, etc.
* Low acoustic noise due to high frequency switching.
* Low acoustic noise due to high-frequency switching.
* Automatic telemetry: Fport, configurable via Lua script. Alternative firmware Duplex EX, Hott, MSB, PowerBox P2Bus, S.Bus2, Spektrum SRXL2.
* Automatic telemetry: FPort, configurable via Lua script. Alternative firmware Duplex EX, Hott, MSB, PowerBox P²Bus, S.Bus2, Spektrum SRXL2.
* Telemetry (depending on RC system): voltage, current, power, capacitance, temperature, speed, energy.
* Telemetry (depending on RC system): voltage, current, power, capacitance, temperature, speed, energy.
* Minimum/maximum telemetry values are recorded.
* Minimum/maximum telemetry values are recorded.
* Configuration via transmitter, PC software MAV Manager or external terminal (JETIBOX/SMART-BOX).
* Configuration via a transmitter, PC software MAV Manager or external terminal (JETIBOX/SMART-BOX).
* Firmware update via USB interface.
* Firmware update via USB interface.
* Languages:  CZ/DE/EN/FR/IT.
* Languages:  CZ/DE/EN/FR/IT.
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!'''ESC-155 rev. 2024'''
!'''ESC-155 rev. 2024'''
|-
|-
|'''Dimensions [mm]'''
|'''Dimensions (mm)'''
|75×29.5×10
|75×29.5×10
|75×29.5×12
|75×29.5×12
Line 41: Line 43:
|88×32×14
|88×32×14
|-
|-
|'''Weight incl. cables'''
|'''Weight incl. cables (g)'''
|63 g
|63
|68 g
|68
|81 g
|81
|100 g
|100
|125 g
|125
|190 g
|190
|100 g
|100
|-
|-
|'''Continuous current'''
|'''Continuous current (A)'''
|50A*
|50*
|60A*
|60*
|80A*
|80*
|110A*
|110*
|110A*
|110*
|140A*
|140*
|150A*
|150*
|-
|-
|'''Špičkový proud'''
|'''Peak current (A/2s)'''
|80A/2s*
|80*
|100A/2s*
|100*
|120A/2s*
|120*
|170A/2s*
|170*
|170A/2s*
|170*
|200A/2s
|200*
|200A/2s*
|200*
|-
|-
|'''Peak current'''
|'''Supply voltage (V)'''
|6–51V
|6–51
|6–51V
|6–51
|6–51V
|6–51
|6–51V
|6–51
|6–51V
|6–51
|10–51V
|10–51
|6–27V
|6–27
|-
|-
|'''LiPo articles'''
|'''LiPo cells'''
|2–12
|2–12
|2–12
|2–12
Line 86: Line 88:
|2–6
|2–6
|-
|-
|'''LiFe articles'''
|'''LiFe cells'''
|3–14
|3–14
|3–14
|3–14
Line 96: Line 98:
|-
|-
|'''Cables'''
|'''Cables'''
'''battery/motor'''
'''battery/motor (mm²)'''
|2.5 mm²/
|2.5 /
2.5 mm²
2.5
|2.5 mm²/
|2.5 /
2.5 mm²
2.5
|4 mm²/
|4 /
2.5 mm²
2.5
|4 mm²/
|4 /
4 mm²
4
|4 mm²/
|4 /
4 mm²
4
|6 mm²/
|6 /
4 mm²
4
|6 mm²/
|6 /
4 mm²
4
|-
|-
|'''Circuit antispark'''
|'''Circuit antispark'''
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|G5.5 (150A)
|G5.5 (150A)
|-
|-
|'''Temperature range'''
|'''Temperature range (°C)'''
| colspan="7" | -10÷110°C
| colspan="7" | (-10)–110
|-
|-
|'''PWM frequency'''
|'''PWM frequency (kHz)'''
| colspan="7" |20kHz
| colspan="7" |20
|-
|-
|'''Operating current'''
|'''Operating current (mA)'''
| colspan="7" |60mA
| colspan="7" |60
|-
|-
|'''Standby current'''
|'''Standby current (mA)'''
| colspan="7" |4mA
| colspan="7" |4
|-
|-
|'''Propeller positioning'''
|'''Propeller positioning'''
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| colspan="7" |Yes
| colspan="7" |Yes
|-
|-
|'''Trvalý výstupní'''
|'''Permanent output'''
'''proud BEC'''
'''BEC current (A)'''
| colspan="2" |12A*
| colspan="2" |12*
| colspan="5" |15A*
| colspan="5" |15*
|-
|-
|'''BEC peak current'''
|'''BEC peak current (A/2s)'''
| colspan="2" |25A/2s*
| colspan="2" |25*
| colspan="5" |30A/2s*  
| colspan="5" |30*  
|-
|-
|'''Voltage setting'''
|'''Voltage setting (V)'''
'''BEC'''
'''BEC'''
| colspan="7" |5.5–8.4V (0.1V steps)
| colspan="7" |5.5–8.4 (0.1V steps)
|-
|-
|'''Optical isolation'''
|'''Optical isolation'''
| colspan="7" |No
| colspan="7" |No
|-
|-
|'''Maximum speed'''
|'''Maximum speed (eRPM)'''
| colspan="7" |> 300 000 eRPM (two-pole motor)
| colspan="7" |> 300 000 (two-pole motor)
|-
|-
|'''Ext. switch voltage'''
|'''Ext. switch voltage (V)'''
| colspan="7" |Approximately 10V
| colspan="7" |10 (Approx.)
|-
|-
|'''Ext. switch current'''
|'''Ext. switch current (mA)'''
| colspan="7" |Max. 30mA
| colspan="7" |30 (Max.)
|}
|}
'''*)''' These values are valid if sufficient continuous air flow is ensured.
'''*)''' Specified values are valid if sufficient continuous airflow is provided.


=== Installation ===
=== Installation ===
Secure the controller in your model with Velcro or double-sided tape. Connect the motor and receiver according to the diagram below. You can connect the motor cables in any order, as changing the direction of rotation is done by swapping either of the two cables (or by the "Direction" parameter in the configuration). Switch on the transmitter. Now you can connect the main flight battery and turn on the controller with the receiver connected.
Fasten the controller in your model using hook-and-loop or double-sided adhesive tape. Connect the motor and receiver according to the schematic below. You may connect the motor cables in arbitrary order, as changing direction is done by exchanging any of the two cables (alternatively also by the “Direction” parameter in the configuration). Turn on the transmitter. Now you can plug in the main flight pack and turn on the speed controller with the receiver attached.
[[File:Smart PRO BEC - Installation.png|center|frameless|960x960px]]
 
{{Note|type=info|text='''Note:''' The red LED on the controller will light up for two seconds to indicate proper initialization. After the correct throttle impulse is detected (meaning off position), the controller plays a predefined melody. Now it’s ready to fly. The controller will enter standby mode on behalf of the switch or button command. The type of used switching element is defined in the controller configuration. If there is no switching element connected (keeping “Mechanical Switch” in the settings), the controller is always turned on.}}
 
{{Note|type=error|text='''Warning:'''
Always use brand-new, high-quality connectors and make sure that the cables are soldered perfectly. Any possibility of losing connection during a motor run represents a risk of damaging your electronics.
 
If you start the controller for the first time or make any significant changes in the setup, please make sure that the propeller is removed from the motor shaft.
 
Always disconnect batteries after the flight session ends. Even if the speed controller is turned off by the switch, it still draws some small current. This could result in a completely drained battery within a few days or weeks.}}
 
{{Note|type=info|text='''Note:''' if your flight pack voltage is greater than 25 V (6S LiPo) we recommend using the power connectors with the integrated antispark mechanism. For example, the XT90 connectors with integrated antispark can be used.}}


=== Controller mode ===
=== Controller mode ===
It is possible to select from three basic controller modes:
It is possible to choose from several basic controller modes:


* Normal - the preset acceleration curve is always used when accelerating. This is the default mode for normal use.
* Normal (ramped) – the preconfigured acceleration time is always applied when accelerating. This is a default mode for major use.
* Fast mode - the selected acceleration time is only applied when spinning from zero speed. Then the minimum possible delay (0.2s for zero to full throttle response) is applied.
* Fast mode – the preconfigured acceleration is applied only when spinning up from zero revolutions. After that, a minimum possible delay is used (0.2 s for zero-to-full throttle response).
* Normal with reversal - behaves similarly to normal mode. In addition, you can select a throttle reversal channel that will control the direction of engine rotation during flight.
* Normal with reverse – behaves similarly to the Normal mode. In addition, you can choose a throttle reversing channel that will control the motor direction during flight.
* Heli/Governor - fast and precise constant speed control with many adjustable parameters.
* Heli/Governor – fast and precise control of constant RPM with many adjustable parameters.


=== Gas input signal ===
=== Throttle input signal ===
The controller expects positive pulses from the receiver with a maximum refresh rate of up to 400Hz. By default, when the endpoints are set automatically, the controller will work with the vast majority of RC systems.
The controller expects positive impulses from the receiver with a maximum refresh rate of up to 400 Hz. By default, with automatic endpoints selected, the controller will work with the vast majority of RC systems.


In this case, a minimum throttle signal pulse is loaded after start-up. The maximum power is then dynamically adjusted when you first give full throttle.
In this case, a minimum throttle signal pulse is loaded after start-up. The maximum power is then dynamically adjusted when you first give full throttle.


If you need the exact positions of the transmitter lever, where the engine starts and where the throttle is full, you can also configure the use of manually entered endpoints.
In case you need exact points on your transmitter stick, where the motor starts and where the full throttle is, you can configure manual endpoints as well.
 
{{Note|type=info|text='''Note:''' the controller waits for throttle-low position after startup and also every time the motor is stopped due to any error condition. If the throttle stick is not at the correct position during startup, the ESC plays a warning tone.}}


=== Motor settings ===
=== Motor settings ===
Many motor parameters can be configured including acceleration, timing, gear ratio or number of poles. The gear ratio and pole count are important for telemetry and correct display of motor speed.
It is possible to configure many of the motor parameters, including acceleration, timing, motor gear ratio or number of poles. The gear ratio and number of poles are important for telemetry to measure the motor speed correctly.


'''Acceleration''' affects the engine's response to the throttle channel. Reducing the acceleration time will speed up the engine response and give the pilot a sense of instant control during aerobatics. However, the engine consumes more power and the controller generates more heat. For most types of models, including electric gliders, layouts, EDFs, etc., we recommend a default acceleration of 1.0s. For 3D aerobatic flight you can go down to 0.5s or even less (with caution). You can also set the controller's "Fast Mode" in the General Settings menu for the fastest possible motor response.
'''Acceleration''' influences the motor response on the throttle channel. By decreasing the acceleration value, the motor response gets faster, providing a more "locked-in" feeling. However, the motor consumes more current and the controller generates more heat. We recommend the default acceleration of 1.0 s for the majority of model types, including electric gliders, scale models, EDFs etc. For 3D aerobatic flight, you might go down to 0.5 s or even less (with care). For the fastest motor response, you may also set the "Fast controller mode" in the Common Settings.


'''Timing''' is determined by the type of engine and is usually recommended by the engine manufacturer. Timing also affects power and current consumption. A higher timing value can increase motor performance, but care must be taken to avoid overloading the system.
'''Timing''' is defined by the motor type and it is usually recommended by the motor manufacturer. It also influences the motor power and current consumption. Higher timing can increase the motor power but care must be taken not to overload the system.


* Automatic timing: timing is continuously adjusted by an internal algorithm. It is a universal solution compatible with most motor types.
* Automatic timing: the timing is continuously adjusted by the internal algorithm. This is a universal solution compatible with most motor types.
* 0°–10° timing: recommended for inrunners, i.e. motors with internal magnets.
* 0–10° timing: recommended for inrunners, i.e. motors with internal magnets.
* 15°–20° timing: recommended for most outrunners (motors with rotating casing). It offers a good combination of power and efficiency.
* 15–20° timing: recommended for most outrunners (motors with rotating casing). It offers a good combination of power and efficiency.
* 25°–30° timing: High torque motors with many poles require the highest timing.
* 25–30° timing: high-torque motors with many poles require the highest timing.


'''The motor type''' should only be changed in some specific cases where the application requires it.
'''The motor type''' should be modified only in some specific cases where it is necessary by the application.


There are three options:
There are three options available:


* "Standard" motor type - recommended for most types and applications (default).
* "Standard" motor type - recommended for most types and applications (default).
* "High Torque" - if you have problems with motor synchronization during rapid acceleration, use this mode. Prerequisites: large motor with rotating casing and more than 20 poles, heavy propeller, large current peaks. We also recommend increasing the timing to more than 20°.
* "High Torque" - if you have problems with motor synchronization during fast acceleration, use this mode. '''Preconditions''': large outrunner with more than 20 poles, heavy propeller, large current peaks. We also recommend increasing the timing to more than 20°.
* "High speed" - use this mode if your drive unit exceeds 250,000 eRPM (revolutions per minute calculated for a 2-pole motor).
* "High speed" - use this mode if your drive unit exceeds 250,000 eRPM (revolutions per minute calculated for a 2-pole motor).


'''Starting power''' is affected by the first few revolutions of the engine. If you are not satisfied with the automatic mode, you can set the engine to run more aggressively (positive values) or as smoothly as possible (negative values).
'''Startup power''' influences the first few motor revolutions. If you are not satisfied with the automatic mode, you can set the motor start to be more aggressive (positive values), or as smooth as possible (negative values).


=== Brake settings ===
=== Brake configuration ===
The electromagnetic brake is a standard feature of all controllers used in electric glider models. KAVAN SMART PRO controllers offer several additional parameters for fine tuning the brake function. You can use one of the pre-configured settings or you can freely adjust all brake parameters.
The electromagnetic brake is a standard feature of all ESCs used in electric glider models. '''The KAVAN Smart PRO''' controller offers several additional parameters to fine-tune the braking function. You can use one of the preconfigured brake settings or specify all the parameters as you wish.


==== Setting options: ====
==== Brake options: ====
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Brake options.png|right|frameless|360x360px]]


* Off: The propeller rotates freely without braking.
* Off: The propeller spins freely without braking.
* Medium: transition to full braking force in 0.7s.
* Soft: Transition from zero to full braking force in 1.0 s.
* Hard: Transition from 50% to 100% braking force in 0.5s.
* Medium: Transition to full braking force in 0.7 s.
* Manual: All brake parameters can be entered manually:
* Hard: Transition from 50% to 100% braking force in 0.5 s.
* Manual: you can specify all brake parameters manually:


# Initial force (start of brake) - braking force applied from the moment the brake is applied.
# Start power (start of brake) - braking force applied from the first moment of applying the brake.
# End force (end of brake) - the braking force applied after the ramp-up time has elapsed (usually the full braking force that brings the engine to a complete stop).
# End power (end of brake) - braking force applied after the transition time elapses (usually the full braking force that stops the motor completely).
# Brake build-up - the time between the start and end of the brake. During this time, the braking force is constantly changing from initial to final power.
# Transition - the time between brake start power and brake end power. During this time, the braking force continuously transits from start to end power.
# Waiting time - the time between disconnecting the engine and applying the brake. During this time, the motor rotates freely without power.
# Wait time - the time between unpowering the motor and applying the brake. During this time the motor spins freely without power.


Example: motor brake with the following parameters: brake start = 50%, brake end = 100%, ramp = 0.5s, wait time = 0.3s.
Example: motor brake with the following parameters: brake start = 50%, brake end = 100%, ramp = 0.5 s, wait time = 0.3 s.


=== BEC circuit and its settings ===
=== BEC voltage and settings ===
In the General Settings menu, you can fine-tune the BEC circuit voltage in 0.1V increments. The controller contains a very powerful BEC that is capable of supplying a continuous current of up to 15A. However, if high power is required, sufficient cooling air flow must be provided. It is recommended that both throttle and telemetry cables are connected to the receiver to ensure high current carrying capacity.
In the Common Setting menu, you can modify the BEC voltage very precisely in steps of 0.1 V. The controller contains a very powerful BEC which can deliver up to 15 A continuous current. However, in case of a high-power setup, sufficient cooling airflow must be provided. Connecting both Telemetry and Throttle cables to the receiver is recommended to provide high current throughput.


=== Backup batteries ===
{{Note|type=error|text='''Warning:''' always set the BEC voltage according to the rating of the attached electronics, including receivers, sensors and servos. Never exceed the voltage limits.}}
In case you want to use a small backup battery to cover voltage peaks of connected servos, you can specify its presence in the General Settings - Backup Battery menu. After setting the battery type, you must disconnect all power supplies from the controller and then reconnect them. The options are as follows:


* "No" (default) - no backup battery is present and the BEC voltage is set to the value specified in the configuration. No external power must be connected on the receiver side or the BEC will not turn on.
=== Backup battery ===
* "2S LiPo 8.4V" - on the receiver side an external power supply with a maximum voltage of 8.4V is assumed (see picture). The controller is not initialized if the voltage of the backup battery is outside the operating limits (or not connected). The BEC voltage is automatically adjusted according to the backup battery voltage, so there is no risk of uncontrolled currents.
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Backup battery.png|right|frameless|360x360px]]
* "2S LiFe 7.2V" - external power supply with maximum voltage 7.2V is assumed on the receiver side. The behavior is similar to the 2S LiPo.
In case you need a small buffer battery for covering voltage spikes of the attached servos, you can specify its presence in the Common Setting – Backup battery menu. After setting the battery type it is necessary to remove all power supplies from the controller and then reconnect them. Possible options:
 
* "No" (default) - the buffer battery is not present and the BEC voltage is set according to the value set in the configuration. No external power supply shall be connected to the receiver side, otherwise the BEC won’t turn on.
* "2S LiPo 8.4V" - an external power supply with a maximum voltage of 8.4 V is expected on the receiver side (see the picture). The controller won’t initialise itself if the backup battery voltage is outside the limits (or not connected). The BEC voltage will be set automatically according to the backup battery so that there is no risk of uncontrolled currents.
* "2S LiFe 7.2V" - an external power supply with a maximum voltage of 7.2 V is expected on the receiver side. The behaviour is similar to the case of 2S LiPo.


=== External switch ===
=== External switch ===
The KAVAN SMART PRO controller allows an external switch to be installed if required. However, the factory switch is not present in the base, so the controller/BEC switches on immediately after the flight battery is connected.
[[File:Smart PRO BEC - External switch.png|right|frameless|360x360px]]
The KAVAN Smart PRO ESC allows you to install an external switch if needed. By default, the switch is not present so the speed controller/BEC turns on immediately after connecting the flight battery.


You can specify the type of switching element in the menu General settings - Switch type:
You can specify the type of switching element in the Common Setting – Switch Type:


* Mechanical (default) - the switch connects the yellow (signal) and brown (ground) wires of the switch/button cable. Reverse switching logic is used so that the controller will remain on if the switch remains disconnected
* Mechanical (default) - the switch shorts the yellow (signal) and brown (ground) wires of the Switch/Button cable. An inverted logic is used, so that the ESC stays turned on if the switch is left open.
* Button/Hall - the first long press turns the controller on; the second long press turns it off. LED indicates on/off status. If a magnet (or button press) is detected, the LED will flash. The Hall sensor can be purchased as an accessory for KAVAN SMART PRO controllers.
* Button/Hall - the first long press turns on the ESC; the second long press turns it off. The LED indicates an on/off state and blinks if the magnet (or button press) is detected. The Hall sensor can be bought as an ESC accessory.
* Electronic - this option allows you to connect an external electronic switch (Touch Switch, RC Switch, etc.). In this case, the switching device is always powered and the logic level of the signal wire determines the on/off state of the controller.
* Electronic - allows you to install an external electronic switch (Touch Switch, RC Switch etc.). In this case, the switching device is always powered and the logic level of the signal wire specifies the on/off state to the controller.
 
{{Note|type=info|text='''Note:''' please pay attention to the parameters of an external switch before connecting. The signal wire uses a 3.3V logic with a weak pull-up. The power supply from the ESC is rated 10 V with a maximum current of 30 mA.}}


=== Propeller positioning ===
=== Propeller positioning ===
The positioning function allows the engine/propeller to be rotated to the exact position required for a safe landing, or is just convenient for the next flight. With a few external components (Hall sensor and small magnet) you can use this function and avoid the risk of damaging the propeller during landing. The magnet must be properly attached to the rotating part (engine or propeller) and the Hall sensor must be positioned in the fuselage so that the magnet is opposite the Hall sensor at the target position of the propeller. After enabling the positioning function via the controller menu (Propeller Position = "Hall Sensor"), also set the PWM positioning so that the motor spins slowly but smoothly. You can also change the duration of the actively held motor position (Position Hold), which is activated when the correct position is found. The Hold Position feature is useful in a retractable drive because it prevents the propeller from moving spontaneously during retraction.
The positioning feature allows moving the motor/propeller to the exact position required for a safe landing, or which is just comfortable for further flying. With just a few external components (a Hall sensor and a small magnet) you can enable this feature and prevent the risk of damaging your propeller during landing. The magnet needs to be properly fixed to the rotating part (either the motor or the propeller), and the Hall sensor has to be located in the fuselage so that the magnet matches the Hall sensor at the target propeller position. After enabling the positioning feature in the menu (Prop Position = Hall Sensor), set also the Positioning PWM, so that the motor spins slowly but smoothly. You may also change the duration of the actively held motor position (Position Hold Time) which is applied after the correct position is found. The position-hold feature is useful in the case of a retractable engine since it doesn’t allow the propeller to be moved while retracting.
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Prop position.png|center|frameless|960x960px]]
 
Connect the Hall sensor of the propeller positioning function to the '''IN-B''' port of the controller.


To enable propeller positioning, connect the Hall sensor to the IN-B port on the controller.
{{Note|type=info|text='''Note:''' use a high-quality CA or Epoxy glue to fix the magnet in the rotating part. You can also drill a small hollow in the spinner and fix the magnet in it.}}
{{Note|type=error|text='''Warning:''' do not use higher PWM than necessary otherwise the motor may overheat. Generally use as low PWM as possible so that the motor holds its position reliably. Check the current consumption using the telemetry.}}


=== Engine identification ===
=== Motor identification ===
Some brands of motors include an integrated temperature sensor compatible with KAVAN SMART PRO controllers. This sensor (T125-ID) can also be used as a stand-alone telemetry sensor with Duplex/Hott/S.Bus2/Fport telemetry support. In addition, it can be connected directly to the "IN-A" input port on the controller (see picture above). From this point on, the KAVAN SMART PRO controller will know the basic motor parameters (minimum acceleration, recommended timing, gear ratio, number of poles...) and also the current motor temperature. Some parameters will be reset automatically (gear ratio, number of poles), other setting items will be applied once you reset the controller to factory settings. The motor identification sensor is connected to the IN-A port on the controller.
Some motor brands contain an integrated temperature sensor compatible with the KAVAN Smart PRO speed controller. This sensor (T125-ID) might be used as a standalone telemetry sensor with Duplex/Hott/S.Bus2 telemetry support. Alternatively, the sensor can be directly connected to the Input port "A" of the controller (see the picture above). From this moment on, the KAVAN Smart PRO controller will know the basic motor parameters (minimum acceleration, recommended timing, gear ratio, number of poles…) and motor temperature as well. Some parameters are adjusted automatically (gear ratio, poles), and the other settings are configured after resetting the controller to factory defaults. Connect the motor-identification sensor into the IN-A port of the controller.


=== Synchronous switching ===
=== Active freewheeling ===
"Synchronous switching" or "Active braking" is a function of the speed controller that reduces the heat generated by it during part-load operation. This mode is useful for aerobatic pilots who want not only fast acceleration but also fast deceleration. The engine instantly follows the throttle movement in both directions and the pilot is able to take control perfectly.
"Active freewheeling" or "Active braking" is a feature of the speed controller that reduces heat generated by the ESC during partial load operation. This mode is useful for aerobatic pilots who want not only fast acceleration but also rapid deceleration. The motor follows throttle stick input in both ways and the pilot feels more "locked-in".


=== Current limiter ===
=== Current limiter ===
The current limiter is part of the safety features of the controller. It does not stop the motor at overcurrent, but constantly monitors the instantaneous current consumption and adjusts the motor output based on it. When this function is enabled, specify the maximum current allowed and the controller will immediately reduce motor power when the current threshold is exceeded. After the current returns to a safe level, motor power is restored.
The current limiter is a part of safety controller features. It doesn’t stop the motor but rather continuously monitors the immediate current consumption and adjusts the motor power. You can enable this feature, specify the maximum allowed current and the ESC will reduce the motor power immediately as soon as the current threshold is exceeded. After the current returns back to the safe level, the motor power is restored.


=== Battery protection ===
=== Battery protection ===
Integrated battery protection is based on undervoltage detection and motor power reduction or complete shutdown. You can freely set the number of cells (or leave the automatic detection) and the value of the minimum voltage per cell. The supported battery types are NiXX (1.2 V), LiFe (max. 3.6 V) and LiIo/LiPo (max. 4.2 V).
The integrated battery protection is based on undervoltage detection and reducing motor power, alternatively shutting down the motor completely. You can freely set the number of cells (or leave automatic detection) and low voltage threshold per cell. Supported battery types are NiXX (1.2 V), LiFe (3.6 V max) and LiIo/LiPo (4.2 V max).


=== Status codes ===
=== Status codes ===
Status codes are displayed on the screen (JETIBOX/SMART-BOX) if any error event occurs. If any status code is activated, the red LED flashes continuously.
The status codes are shown on the screen (JETIBOX/SMART-BOX) if any kind of error condition occurs. If any status code is set, the red LED continuously flashes.


==== Available status codes: ====
==== Available status codes: ====


* Low Voltage (UL): the battery voltage has fallen below the threshold level specified in the Battery Protection menu and the controller has either reduced the maximum power or shut down the motor completely.
* Low Voltage (UL): the battery voltage got below the threshold specified in the battery protection menu and the controller either reduced the maximum power or shut down the motor completely.
* High voltage (UH): If you are using a soft battery or mains power supply, the voltage may rise above the initial level during braking. In this case, an alarm is triggered and all braking functions are deactivated.
* High voltage (UH): in case you use a weak battery or wall power supply, the voltage might rise above the initial level during braking. In such a case, the alarm is set and all braking functions are disabled.
* High current (IH): current is higher than the maximum peak current defined in the product specification (e.g. 120A for KAVAN SMART PRO 80, 200A for KAVAN SMART PRO 130).
* High current (IH): the current got higher than the maximum peak current defined in the product specification (120 A for KAVAN Smart PRO 85).
* High temperature (T100, T110, T120): the temperature has reached above a safe level. The numeric value indicates the maximum temperature detected and the safety protocol that has been activated.
* High temperature (T100, T110, T120): the temperature got above the safety threshold level. The numerical value specifies the maximum detected temperature and safety protocol which has been applied.
* Commutation error (COM): A synchronization error was detected while the motor was running. This usually occurs when the motor stops suddenly or in the case of very fast acceleration on some specific power units. This error may indicate a serious problem in the motor-controller installation.
* Commutation error (COM): a synchronization error has been detected during the motor operation. It usually occurs when the motor stops abruptly, or in case of very fast acceleration for some specific setups. This error could mean a serious issue in the motor-controller installation.


=== Heli/governor mode ===
=== Heli/governor mode ===
The speed controllers include a fast and accurate speed stabilization function.  You can configure the governor mode in many ways to suit your preferences.
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Common setting.png|right|frameless|360x360px]]
The speed controllers contain a fast and precise governor function. You can configure the governor mode in many aspects according to your preferences.
 
Before enabling the governor mode, please make sure the blades are removed. In the Common Setting menu, set the Controller Mode to "Heli/Governor" and proceed through the settings below:
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Governor.png|right|frameless|360x360px]]
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Motor setting.png|right|frameless|426x426px]]


Make sure the propeller blades are removed before activating the constant speed mode. In the General Settings menu, select the controller mode to "Heli/Governor" and follow the options below:
* Set the minimum and maximum RPM of the main rotor according to your preferences. As soon as you move the throttle away from the idle position, the controller slowly spools up until it reaches the target speed. The speed is calculated according to the throttle channel value, where low throttle corresponds to the "Minimum RPM" and high throttle corresponds to "Maximum RPM".
* Set the Spool-up Time to make the motor startups as smooth as possible. You may set the time up to 60s. The spool-up time is applied when the motor starts from zero
revolutions or if the autorotation bailout is disabled.
* Configure the Autorotation bailout time and autorotation acceleration time. The autorotation bailout function is used in case you need to quickly exit the autorotation and prevent your model from crashing. In this case, as soon as you move the throttle channel away from the idle position, the "Autorotation acceleration" will be used to spin the motor until it reaches the required speed. The "Autorotation bailout" parameter sets the time after switching off the motor, when the autorotation bailout function may be activated. After exceeding this time, a standard spool-up time will be applied.
* Advanced settings: Governor gains – (P)roportional and (I)ntegral. You may modify the gains to fine-tune the controller response to fast changes in the load during flight manoeuvres. Please perform the changes only in small steps and verify the resulting behaviour in a short test flight.


* Set the minimum and maximum speed of the main rotor according to your preference. As soon as you move the throttle beyond the idle position, the engine will slowly spin up until it reaches the target speed. These are calculated by the throttle channel position, where throttle off corresponds to "Minimum RPM" and full throttle corresponds to "Maximum RPM".
# Increase the P gain to eliminate small RPM fluctuations during straight flight, e.g. while hovering. If you hear some unexpected noise in the motor/gearbox (which means fast oscillations), reduce the P gain by 20 %.
# Increase the I gain to hold the precise revolutions during manoeuvres. If the motor speed starts oscillating noticeably, reduce the I gain by 20%.


* Set the Acceleration Start to make the engine start as smoothly as possible. You can set this time up to 60s. Start-up Acceleration is used when the engine is revved up from zero speed or when the quick autorotation exit function is deactivated.
* In the Governor mode, manual throttle endpoints are always used (by default 1.1–1.9 ms) and Active braking is enabled as well.
* Configure the autorotation save time and autorotation acceleration. The autorotation rescue function is used when you need to end autorotation quickly and prevent the model from crashing. In this case, move the throttle out of the idle position, "Autorotation Acceleration" is used to spin the engine until it reaches the desired speed. The "Autorotation Rescue" parameter determines the time after engine shutdown when the autorotation rescue function can be activated. When this time is exceeded, the standard start-up time is used.
* Advanced settings: governor gains - (P)roportional and (I)ntegral. You can adjust these gains to fine-tune the governor's response to rapid load changes during flight maneuvers. Please make the changes only in small increments and verify the resulting behavior in a short test flight.


# Increase the P gain to eliminate small speed fluctuations during straight flight, e.g. hovering. If you hear unexpected motor/transmission noise (indicating rapid oscillation), reduce P gain by 20%.
The picture below shows RPM response vs. throttle position. In this case, default throttle endpoints have been used (1.1–1.9ms).
# Increase the I gain to maintain precise speed during manoeuvres. If the engine speed starts to fluctuate noticeably, reduce the I-gain by 20%.


* In Governor mode, fixed throttle channel endpoints are always used (standard 1.1ms - 1.9ms) and active braking is also enabled.
{{Note|type=info|text='''Note:''' please make sure the gear ratio and number of motor poles are correctly set in the Motor Setting menu. Also, please verify that the brake is disabled and check the state of the propeller positioning function.


=== Reversing the direction of rotation ===
The reverse motor function is available for RC systems with bidirectional bus support (EX Bus, P 2Bus, SRXL2, S.Bus2, Fport). To control the direction of the motor, you must define an additional bus-transmitted channel on the transmitter. Both cables of the KAVAN SMART PRO controller (red and black) must be correctly connected to the receiver.


First, create another channel on the transmitter to control the direction of the motor. This channel should be controlled by a two-position switch.
Please note that dynamic changes of the motor revolutions in flight are limited by the “Acceleration” parameter configured in the Motor Setting menu. Please make sure the acceleration is slow enough so that changing revolutions in flight does not lead to sudden changes in model attitude.}}


==== Futaba/Spectrum: ====
=== Motor direction reversing ===
Use one of the AUX channels and remember the channel number. It is not necessary to limit yourself to only the channels available on your receiver, as RC systems usually send more channels on the bus than the physical number of outputs on the receiver.
The motor reverse feature is available for RC systems with bidirectional bus support (EX Bus, P²Bus, SRXL2, S.Bus2). To control the motor direction you need to define an additional channel transferred through the bus system. Both cables (red and black) of the KAVAN Smart PRO speed controller must be properly linked to the receiver.
First, you need to create an additional channel on your transmitter to control the motor direction. This channel should be operated by a two-position switch.


Example: if you are using a Spektrum NX6 and a six-channel receiver, you can still use channel 7 (AUX2) to control the reversion function over the SRXL2 bus.
==== Futaba/Spektrum: ====
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Powerbox.png|right|frameless|419x419px]]
Use one of the AUX channels and remember the channel number. It is not necessary to use just the channels available on your receiver since the RC systems usually offer more channels over the bus than the physical number of receiver ports.
 
Example: If you use Spektrum NX6 and a 6-channel receiver, you may still use channel No. 7 (AUX2) to control the reversing feature over the bus.


==== JETI: ====
==== JETI: ====
Create a new model function in the Model - Function Assignment menu and assign a free two-position switch to it. Then, in the Model - Servo Assignment menu, assign this function to one of the receiver channels (1–16). Again, you can also use channels that are not directly available on the receiver outputs (e.g. 13–16) as they will be transmitted over the EX Bus protocol without restriction.
Create a new model function in the Model - Functions Assignment menu and assign a spare two-position switch. After that, in the Model – Servo Assignment menu, assign the function to one of the receiver channels (1–16). Again, you may use the channels that are not directly available on the receiver outputs (e.g. 13–16) since they will be transferred through EX Bus without limitation.


==== PowerBox: ====
==== PowerBox: ====
Create a new function for the model in the Function menu by pressing the "+" button and assign a two-position control switch to it. Select one of the available output channels (1–16). The position of the switch will be transmitted via the P2Bus to the speed controller.
Create a new model function in the Function menu by pressing the "+" button and assign it a 2-position control switch. Choose one of the available servo output channels (1–16). The switch position will be transferred over the P²Bus to the speed controller.
 
To enable the motor reverse function in the controller, set the "Controller Mode" to "Normal/Reverse" and set the correct channel from the previous step. You may also play with the brake settings and reverse wait time under the "Manual" brake type.


To activate the motor reverse function in the controller, set "Controller mode" to "Normal/Reverse" and set the reversing channel from the previous step. You can also fine tune the brake settings and the waiting time before reversing when using the "Manual" brake type.
Check the function: As soon as you flip the direction switch, the controller activates braking, and after some short pause, the motor starts spinning in the opposite direction.


Check the function: As soon as you switch the direction switch, the controller activates the brake and after a short pause the motor starts to rotate in the opposite direction.
{{Note|type=info|text='''Note:''' the brake is always enabled in the “Normal/Reverse” mode. Even if you set the brake type to "Off", the '''Soft braking''' will be applied.}}


=== Telemetry and settings ===
=== Telemetry and settings ===
Plug the red data cable into the sensor slot on the JETIBOX / SMART-BOX (or the corresponding receiver). Power it from a 4.5–8.4V battery. You can now safely configure the controller using the arrows on the terminal. If you are using an external (optional) switch connected to the controller, make sure that the controller is switched on.
Plug the red data cable into the sensor slot of the JETIBOX / SMART-BOX (or corresponding receiver). Power it up with a battery (4.5–8.4 V). Now you can safely configure the controller using the arrows on the terminal. If you use an external (optional) switch connected to the ESC, please make sure that the controller is turned on.
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Telemetry.png|center|frameless|960x960px]]


KAVAN SMART PRO controllers are compatible with JETIBOX setting. The JETIBOX menu is divided into five sections:
KAVAN Smart PRO controllers are compatible with JETIBOX programming. The JETIBOX menu is divided into five sections:


==== Current values ====
==== Actual values ====
- displays fresh telemetry values along with minimums and maximums
- displays the latest telemetry values together with minimums and maximums.


* Available telemetry: voltage, current, capacity, speed, power (percentage), temperature.
* Available telemetry: Voltage, current, capacity, RPM, power (per cent), temperature.
* If a Motor-ID chip is connected, the motor identification and temperature will also be displayed.
* If the motor chip ID is connected, also motor identification and temperature are shown.
* Reset Min/Max - press the left and right buttons simultaneously to reset all min and max.
* Reset Min/Max - press the left and right buttons together to reset all minimums and maximums.


==== General settings ====
==== Common settings ====
- basic controller settings
- basic controller settings


* '''Controller mode''' - basic controller mode (normal or fast).
* '''Controller mode''' - basic controller mode (normal or fast).
* '''Sound after start''' - select the melody to be played after the controller is initialized.
* '''Startup beep''' - choose a melody played after the controller initialization.
* '''When idle''' - you can activate short repeated beeps to indicate a motor is energized.
* '''Standby beep''' - you can activate short repeated beeps as an indication of a powered motor drive.
* '''Motor endpoints, motor start, full motor''' - settings related to decoding the throttle input signal.
* '''Motor endpoints, motor start, motor full''' - settings related to throttle input signal decoding.
* '''Reset Capacitance''' - you can select at which point the capacitance and energy consumed are reset:
* '''Capacity reset''' - you can choose at which moment the capacity and consumed energy are reset:


# '''After power-up''' - the capacity is reset after the controller initialization. However, the capacity from the previous run will be displayed initially until you start the engine.
# '''Power on''' - the capacity is reset after the controller initialization. However, the capacity from the previous run will be displayed initially until you start the engine.
# '''Voltage change''' - capacity is cleared when a battery with a similar (or higher) voltage is connected If the battery is connected to a battery with a higher voltage compared to the maximum voltage of the previous run. This means that every time you connect a fully charged battery of the same composition and cell count, the capacity will be cleared.
# '''Voltage change''' - the capacity is cleared after you connect a battery with a similar (or greater) voltage compared to the maximum battery voltage from the previous run. This means that each time you connect a fully charged battery of the same chemistry and number of cells, the capacity will be cleared.
# '''Manual''' - capacity and energy are never reset and you must reset manually.
# '''Manual''' - the capacity/energy is never cleared and you must perform the reset manually.


* '''Language''' - you can choose the language of the JETIBOX screen.
* '''Language''' - you can choose the language of the JETIBOX screen.


==== Engine settings ====
==== Motor settings ====
- settings related to engine parameters
- settings related to motor parameters.


* '''Direction, acceleration, timing, starting power, motor type, gear ratio, number of poles motor gear ratio''' - see chapter Motor settings.
* '''Direction, acceleration, timing, startup power, motor type, gear ratio, motor poles''' - see the Motor Settings chapter.
* '''Brake related settings''' - see Brake Configuration chapter.
* '''Brake related settings''' - see the Brake Configuration chapter.
* '''Propeller positioning, PWM positioning, holding position''' - see Propeller positioning chapter.
* '''Prop position, positioning PWM, position hold time''' - see the chapter Propeller positioning.
* '''Motor Enabled (0/1)''' - motor start can be enabled or disabled based on the logic state of a specific input "'''IN B.2'''" (connector pin from left to right: 1 = Hall probe input, 2 = motor enable input, 3 = 3.3V, 4 = GND). If you select "Vst.pin Log0/1", you must always pull back the throttle before starting the motor. On the other hand, if you select "Autostart Log0/1", the motor will start as soon as the logic value of the input pin allows it and the throttle position is above idle.
* '''Motor Enabled (0/1)''' - motor operation can be enabled or disabled based on the logical state of the specific input “IN B.2” (connector pinout from left to right: 1 = Hall sensor input, 2 = Motor enable input, 3 = 3.3V, 4 = Ground). If you choose an “InputPin Log0/1” option, you must pull the throttle low before starting the motor. On the other hand, after choosing the "Autostart Log0/1" option, the controller will start spinning as soon as the input pin state allows it and the throttle position is above the idle position.
* '''Switching''' - allows you to enable synchronous switching (active brake) or leave the controller in standard mode.
* '''Freewheeling''' - enables freewheeling/active braking motor operation.


==== Protection ====
==== Protection ====
- setting the controller and battery protection
- ESC and battery protection settings.


* '''Low battery''' - behaviour when the battery is low. Either the engine power will slowly decrease or the engine will shut down immediately. The minimum safe voltage is calculated from the number of cells and the minimum voltage per cell.
* '''Low battery''' - behavior when the battery is discharged. Either set to slowly reduce the motor power, or shut down the motor immediately. The minimum safe voltage is based on number of cells (cell count) and voltage per cell.
* '''Current limiting''' - enable this feature to prevent high current spikes and overloading the system.
* '''Limit current''' - enable this feature to prevent high current peaks and system overload.
* '''Limit power at 100°C''' - you can adjust the maximum allowed PWM of the controller after its temperature exceeds 100°C. The model must be operational, but the temperature must no longer increase.
* '''Limit power at 100°C''' - you can edit the maximum allowed PWM after the controller temperature exceeds 100 °C. The model must be operable, but the temperature must not increase anymore.


==== Service ====
==== Service ====
-  in this menu, you can view the version of the device and reset it to the factory default configuration
-  In this menu, you can view the device version and reset it to the default factory configuration.
 
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Jetibox menu.png|right|frameless|519x519px]]


==== JETIBOX menu structure ====
==== JETIBOX menu structure ====
Available EX and P2Bus telemetry:
Available EX and P²Bus telemetry:


* Battery voltage [V]
* Battery voltage (V)
* Motor current [A]
* Motor current (A)
* Capacity [mAh]
* Capacity (mAh)
* Speed [RPM]
* Speed (RPM)
* PWM [%]
* PWM (%)
* Power [W]
* Power (W)
* Motor run time [s]
* Motor run time (s)
* Energy [Wmin] - useful function for competitions where total energy is limited (F5B, F5D).
* Energy (Wmin) - a useful feature for competitions where the total energy is limited (F5B, F5D).
* Temperature [°C]
* Temperature (°C)
* External temperature [°C] - if a motor ID chip is connected, the controller sends the motor temperature as its own telemetry.
* External temperature (°C) - if the motor identification chip is connected, the ESC forwards motor temperature in its own telemetry.
* Motor status:
* Motor status:
* 0 = Initialization,
* 0 = initial state
* 1 = Motor running,
* 1 = motor running
* 2 = Braking,
* 2 = braking
* 3 = Positioning started,
* 3 = positioning started
* 4 = Position found.
* 4 = position found.
* 5 = Position error (propeller has moved).
* 5 = position error (prop out).
* BEC voltage [V]
* BEC voltage (V)
* BEC current [A] - ESC 145 only.
* BEC current (A) - KAVAN Smart PRO 145 only.
 
The KAVAN SMART PRO controller is recognised by default as an "Air-ESC" sensor.


The KAVAN SMART PRO controller is recognized as an "Air-ESC" sensor by default.
==== Graupner HOTT menu structure ====
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Graupner menu.png|center|frameless|960x960px]]


==== Futaba and Multiplex connection ====
==== Futaba and Multiplex connection ====
Futaba and Multiplex systems do not offer wireless configuration of connected devices. Telemetry transmission is possible using the following fixed sensor slots:
Futaba and Multiplex systems do not offer wireless device configuration. The telemetry transmission is possible with the following fixed sensor slots:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!
!
Line 435: Line 481:


==== PowerBox Telemetry ====
==== PowerBox Telemetry ====
Since version 1.09, the KAVAN SMART PRO controller is able to recognize the PowerBox P 2Bus telemetry protocol. Connect the telemetry cable (red connector) to the P2Bus port on the receiver. The transmitter will locate the connected sensors as soon as the receiver is switched on. The controller telemetry should then be available within 2.5 seconds. You can now assign telemetry values to any widgets and alarms on the transmitter's desktop. The available telemetry is similar to the Duplex EX telemetry (see above). Configuring the controller via the PowerBox transmitter is not available at this time.
From version 1.09, the KAVAN Smart PRO controller can recognise the PowerBox P²Bus telemetry protocol. Connect the Telemetry cable (red connector) to the P²Bus port of the receiver. The transmitter scans for attached sensors as soon as the receiver is powered up and the controller telemetry should be available within 2.5 seconds. After that, you are free to assign the telemetry to any desktop widgets and alarms. Available telemetry is similar to the Duplex EX telemetry (see above). The controller configuration through the PowerBox transmitter is not available at the moment.
 
==== Spektrum Integration ====
From version 1.06, the Spektrum telemetry support has been integrated into a special firmware version. This alternative firmware offers the SRXL2 telemetry and setting using the TextGen protocol. The KAVAN Smart PRO controller is represented in the transmitter by two telemetry devices:


==== Spectrum Integration ====
* "ESC" shows battery voltage, current, BEC voltage, ESC temperature, RPM and power output.
Since version 1.06, Spektrum telemetry support is integrated in a special firmware version. This alternative firmware offers SRXL2 telemetry and TextGen settings. The KAVAN SMART PRO controller is represented in the transmitter by two telemetry devices:
* "Flight Pack Capacity" sensor that shows the consumed battery capacity.


* "ESC" displays battery voltage, current, BEC voltage, controller temperature, speed and output power.
Connect the Throttle cable (black connector) to the Thr (1) receiver port. For proper telemetry/setting, also connect the Telemetry cable (red connector) to the Prog/SRXL2 receiver port. The controller normally delivers only numerical telemetry. The textual menu (TextGen) is available only after a special procedure is performed during startup:
* "Flight Pack Capacity", which shows the consumed battery capacity.


Connect the throttle cable (black connector) to the Thr receiver port (1). For proper telemetry/setup operation, also connect the telemetry cable (red connector) to the Prog/SRXL2 receiver port. The controller provides only numeric telemetry by default. The text menu (TextGen) is only available after a special start-up procedure:
* We assume the Throttle and Telemetry cables are connected correctly and the transmitter is turned on. Now push the throttle high.
* Turn on the ESC either by connecting the flight pack or by flipping the external switch.
* The motor will beep indicating detection of the high throttle impulse. After 3 seconds, another beep announces entering the programming menu.
* Now you may pull the throttle low. On the transmitter's main screen scroll right to locate the TextGen menu. The motor will never start spinning if the textual menu is enabled. To enable normal motor operation, you have to leave the TextGen menu by choosing the "Exit" option on the first page.
* Navigation in the menu is provided by the transmitter's sticks – the elevator stick moves the cursor up/down and the aileron stick changes the selected value.
* The configuration changes are saved immediately after any value is edited.


* We assume that the gas and telemetry cables are correctly connected and the transmitter is switched on. Now set the remote control to the "Full throttle" position.
{{Note|type=info|text='''Note:''' use the latest firmware version in your transmitter and receiver. For Spektrum NX, at least version 3.06 has to be installed. Recommended receivers: AR8360T, AR8020T, AR6610T, AR631T, AR637T…
* Switch on the controller either by connecting the drive kit or by switching on the external switch.
 
* The engine will start, indicating the detection of a full throttle pulse. After 3 seconds, another beep will announce entry into the programming menu.
The KAVAN Smart PRO version 2.01 and later is compatible with Spektrum single-cable operation (Smart Throttle). To enable this function, just plug the red telemetry cable into receiver channel No.1 and keep the other (black) cable unplugged. You will be able to control throttle as well as receive telemetry. This approach is compatible with the AR10400T receiver family as well.
* You can now fully withdraw the throttle. From the transmitter's main screen, scroll to the right and locate the TextGen menu. If the text menu is activated, the engine will never start to turn. To get the engine running normally again, you must exit the TextGen menu by selecting "Exit" on the main page.
 
* The menu navigation is provided by the transmitter levers - the elevator lever moves the cursor up/down and the aileron lever changes the selected value.
If you use an ESC with galvanic isolation (KAVAN Smart PRO 200/220), always turn on the ESC before the receiver. Otherwise, the telemetry functions may not work.}}
* Configuration changes are saved immediately after any value is modified.
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - Spektrum.png|center|frameless|960x960px]]


=== Safety information ===
=== Safety information ===


* Always use the KAVAN SMART PRO controller in a dry environment and within the limits of the equipment specified in this manual. Never expose the device to excessive heat or cold outside the operating range.
* Operate the KAVAN SMART PRO controller always in a dry environment and within the device limits stated in this guide. Never expose the device to excessive heat or cold outside the working area.
* Ensure sufficient airflow to prevent the controller from overheating.
* Provide sufficient airflow to prevent controller overheating.
* Never exceed the maximum allowable operating voltage of the controller or the motor.
* Never exceed the maximum allowed operating voltage of the controller/motor.
* Do not increase the cable length between the controller and the motor. If you need to extend the wires between the regulator and the battery to more than 30 cm (total), solder several high-capacity Low-ESR capacitors (220-470uF) in parallel to the power wires as close to the regulator as possible. For each centimeter over the specified length of the cables, add 1uF of capacitance per 1cm of length for each ampere of current passing through. At 10cm over the limit for 100A current, connect 1000uF capacitors.
* Do not increase the cable length between the controller and the motor. If you need to extend the wires between the controller and the battery to more than 30 cm (in total), solder multiple high-capacity Low-ESR capacitors (220–470 µF) in parallel to the power wires as close to the controller as possible. For each centimetre beyond the specified cable length, add a capacitance of 1µF for every Ampere of current passing through. For example, if you exceed the limit by 10 cm with a current of 100 A, solder a 1000 µF capacitor pack.
* Always use high quality connectors in good condition. If there are any visible signs of wear, replace them.
* Always use high-quality connectors in good condition. Replace them if any visible sign of wearing appears.
* Always remove the propeller before making any changes to the drive setup.
* Always remove the propeller before making any changes in the drive setup.
* Never disconnect the controller from the battery while the motor is spinning.
* Never disconnect the ESC from the battery while the motor is spinning.
* Do not remove the packaging and heat sink from the unit or attempt to make any changes or adjustments. Doing so may result in complete destruction and denial of any warranty claims.
* Do not remove the cover and heat sink from the device, and do not try to implement any changes or modifications. This can lead to total destruction and to the denial of any warranty claims.
* Always check the polarity of the connections. Never reverse the polarity - this could lead to complete destruction.
* Always check the polarity of the connection. Never inverse the polarity – this could lead to total destruction.


=== Firmware updates ===
=== Firmware update ===
Firmware updates for KAVAN SMART PRO controllers are uploaded from a PC via USB. Required programs and files are available at [https://www.mavsense.com/en/ www.mavsense.com].
Firmware updates for KAVAN Smart PRO controllers are transferred from a PC via the USB interface. The required programs and files are available at [https://www.mavsense.com/en/ www.mavsense.com].


Install the MAV Manager software and USB interface drivers on your computer. Check the system requirements.
Install the MAV Manager software and the USB drivers on your computer. Check the system requirements.


* Make sure the flight battery is disconnected and the KAVAN SMART PRO controller is unpowered.
# Make sure that the flight pack is disconnected and the KAVAN Smart PRO ESC is unpowered.
* Connect the USB interface to your computer, start the MAV Manager - Updater and select the correct COM port.
# Connect the USB interface to your PC, run MAV Manager - Updater and select the correct COM Port.
* Connect the KAVAN SMART PRO controller as shown below - use the red (telemetry) port. The controller will be automatically detected.
# Connect the KAVAN Smart PRO ESC according to the picture below – use the red (telemetry) port. The controller will be automatically detected.
* Select the correct *.BIN file and press the Update button.
# Select the correct *.BIN file and press the Update button.
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - FW update.png|center|frameless|960x960px]]


=== Configuration via computer ===
=== PC configuration ===
It is possible to use the MAV Manager software (version 1.4.0 and newer) to conveniently configure all controller parameters, display real-time telemetry or backup the configuration. The program menu contains four buttons in the upper toolbar:
It is possible to use the MAV Manager software (1.4.0 and later) to conveniently configure all controller settings, display real-time telemetry and make a backup of the configuration. The configuration menu contains four buttons in the top toolbar:


* Reload - forces the configuration to be reloaded from the controller
* Refresh - forces the configuration to be reloaded from the controller.
* Import - imports settings from a file. If you have several controllers and want to make all of them be identically configured, simply import the same settings file into each controller.
* Import - imports the settings from a file. If you have several speed controllers and want identical settings for all of them, simply import the same settings to each controller.
* Export - exports the settings from the controller to a file. You can easily create a backup configuration that will be stored on your PC. After creating a backup, you can easily experiment with the controller settings and later revert back to the original configuration by pressing the "Import" button and selecting the original saved file.
* Export - exports the settings from the controller to a file. You can easily create a backup configuration stored on your PC. After creating a backup, you may easily experiment with the controller settings and later revert back to the original configuration by pressing the "Import" button and choosing the original exported file.
* Default settings - resets the controller to the factory default settings and reloads the entire
* Reset default - resets the controller to factory defaults and reloads all the settings.
 
Connect the controller to a computer using the USB interface. It will be automatically detected by the MAV Manager.


Connect the controller to a computer using the USB interface. It is automatically detected by the MAV Manager.
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - PC config 1.png|center|frameless|360x360px]]
The controller properties are available by pressing the "Configure" button.
The controller properties are available by pressing the "Configure" button.
 
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - PC config 2.png|center|frameless|360x360px]]
Real-time telemetry with min/max values. MAV Manager is also capable of creating a log file from real-time telemetry data that can be viewed, analyzed, imported and exported.
Real-time telemetry with min/max values. MAV Manager is also capable of creating a log file from real-time telemetry data that can be viewed, analyzed, imported and exported.
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - PC config 3.png|center|frameless|360x360px]]
Motor Settings. Whenever a configuration change is made, the new value is immediately transferred to the controller and stored in memory. No additional confirmation is required. For safety reasons, some parameters are only applied after the motor has stopped.
[[File:Smart PRO ESC - PC config 4.png|center|frameless|360x360px]]


Engine settings. Whenever the configuration is changed, the new value is immediately transferred to the controller and stored in memory. No additional confirmation is required. For safety reasons, some parameters are only applied after the motor has stopped.


=== Warranty ===
==== Manufacturer ====
The product is warranted for 24 months from the date of sale provided it has been operated in accordance with these instructions, at the prescribed voltage and is not mechanically damaged. Always enclose proof of purchase when claiming the product. Warranty and post-warranty service is provided by the manufacturer.
All KAVAN Smart PRO electronic speed controllers are made in Czechia by '''MAV Sense s.r.o.'''


==== Distributor ====
E-mail: info@mavsense.com | Web: [https://www.mavsense.com/ www.mavsense.com]
'''KAVAN Europe s.r.o.'''


Doubravice 110, 533 53 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
=== Recycling and waste disposal note (European Union) ===
 
[[File:WEEE.svg|right|frameless|50x50px]]
E-mail: info@kavanrc.com | Web: [https://www.kavanrc.com/ www.kavanrc.com] | +420 466 260 133
Electrical equipment marked with the crossed-out waste bin symbol must not be discarded in the domestic waste; it should be disposed of via the appropriate specialised disposal system. In the countries of the EU (European Union) electrical devices must not be discarded via the normal domestic waste system (WEEE - Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Directive 2012/19/EU). You can take your unwanted equipment to your nearest public collection point or recycling centre, where it will be disposed of in the proper manner at no charge to you. By disposing of your old equipment in a responsible manner you make an important contribution to the safeguarding of the environment.
 
==== Manufacturer ====
'''MAV Sense s.r.o.'''


E-mail: info@mavsense.com | Web: [https://www.mavsense.com/en/ www.mavsense.com]
=== EU declaration of conformity (European Union) ===
[[File:CE.svg|right|frameless|50x50px]]
Hereby, '''KAVAN Europe s.r.o.''' declares that these '''KAVAN Smart PRO line''' brushless electronic speed controllers are in compliance with the essential requirements as laid down in the EU directive(s) concerning electromagnetic compatibility. The full text of the EU Declaration of Conformity is available at [http://www.kavanrc.com/doc www.kavanrc.com/doc].


=== Recycling and Waste Disposal Note (European Union) ===
=== Guarantee ===
[[File:WEEE.svg|right|frameless|50x50px]]
The KAVAN Europe s.r.o. products are covered by a guarantee that fulfils the currently valid legal requirements in your country. If you wish to make a claim under guarantee, please contact the retailer from whom you first purchased the equipment. The guarantee does not cover faults which were caused in the following ways: crashes, improper use, incorrect connection, reversed polarity, maintenance work carried out late, incorrectly or not at all, or by unauthorised personnel, use of other than genuine KAVAN Europe s.r.o. accessories, modifications or repairs which were not carried out by KAVAN Europe s.r.o. or an authorised KAVAN Europe s.r.o., accidental or deliberate damage, defects caused by normal wear and tear, operation outside the Specification, or in conjunction with equipment made by other manufacturers. Please be sure to read the appropriate information sheets in the product documentation.
Electrical equipment marked with the crossed-out waste bin symbol must not be discarded in the domestic waste; it should be disposed of via the appropriate specialised disposal system. In the countries of the EU (European Union) electrical devices must not be discarded via the normal domestic waste system (WEEE - Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Directive 2012/19/EU). You can take your unwanted equipment to your nearest public collection point or recycling centre, where it will be disposed of in the proper manner at no charge to you. By disposing of your old equipment in a responsible manner you make an important contribution to safeguarding the environment.

Latest revision as of 11:43, 28 August 2024

Other languages:

Introduction

Smart programmable electronic controllers for brushless motors

Congratulations on purchasing the KAVAN Smart PRO line electronic speed controller for brushless motors. The KAVAN Smart PRO product line represents advanced brushless motor controllers for use exclusively in RC model aircraft. With integrated telemetry and various user configuration options, the controllers offer high efficiency, low weight and precise motor control. The integrated powerful BEC offers a continuous output current of up to 15 A and is suitable for even the most demanding applications. Full BEC circuit performance is available at any battery voltage within the controller specification (6–51 V).

Features

  • Small size combined with high power for motor control.
  • High-performance BEC switching circuit offers continuous current up to 15 A (30 A max). Overcurrent and overtemperature protection are included.
  • BEC voltage adjustment in 0.1V steps.
  • Over-voltage and under-voltage protection, over-temperature protection and protection against sudden motor stop.
  • Adjustable current limiter.
  • Fast and accurate Heli/governor mode with many adjustment options.
  • Safety motor shutdown in case of loss of throttle impulse.
  • Configurable acceleration, timing, electromagnetic brake, motor reversal, etc.
  • Low acoustic noise due to high-frequency switching.
  • Automatic telemetry: FPort, configurable via Lua script. Alternative firmware Duplex EX, Hott, MSB, PowerBox P²Bus, S.Bus2, Spektrum SRXL2.
  • Telemetry (depending on RC system): voltage, current, power, capacitance, temperature, speed, energy.
  • Minimum/maximum telemetry values are recorded.
  • Configuration via a transmitter, PC software MAV Manager or external terminal (JETIBOX/SMART-BOX).
  • Firmware update via USB interface.
  • Languages: CZ/DE/EN/FR/IT.
ESC-65 ESC-85 ESC-115 rev. 2024 ESC-115 ACRO ESC-145 ESC-145 ESC-155 rev. 2024
Dimensions (mm) 75×29.5×10 75×29.5×12 80×30×13.5 88×32×14 88×32×20 74×53×31 88×32×14
Weight incl. cables (g) 63 68 81 100 125 190 100
Continuous current (A) 50* 60* 80* 110* 110* 140* 150*
Peak current (A/2s) 80* 100* 120* 170* 170* 200* 200*
Supply voltage (V) 6–51 6–51 6–51 6–51 6–51 10–51 6–27
LiPo cells 2–12 2–12 2–12 2–12 2–12 4–12 2–6
LiFe cells 3–14 3–14 3–14 3–14 3–14 4–14 3–7
Cables

battery/motor (mm²)

2.5 /

2.5

2.5 /

2.5

4 /

2.5

4 /

4

4 /

4

6 /

4

6 /

4

Circuit antispark No
Recommended

connectors

XT60 (60A) XT60 (60A) G4 (75A),

XT90 (90A)

G5.5,

XT90 (90A)

G5.5,

XT90 (90A)

G5.5 (150A) G5.5 (150A)
Temperature range (°C) (-10)–110
PWM frequency (kHz) 20
Operating current (mA) 60
Standby current (mA) 4
Propeller positioning No With additional Hall sensor
Telemetry Duplex EX, Multiplex MSB, Futaba S.Bus2, Graupner Hott, PowerBox P2Bus, Spektrum SRXL2™
Status LED Yes
Active brake

(freewheeling)

Yes
Permanent output

BEC current (A)

12* 15*
BEC peak current (A/2s) 25* 30*
Voltage setting (V)

BEC

5.5–8.4 (0.1V steps)
Optical isolation No
Maximum speed (eRPM) > 300 000 (two-pole motor)
Ext. switch voltage (V) 10 (Approx.)
Ext. switch current (mA) 30 (Max.)

*) Specified values are valid if sufficient continuous airflow is provided.

Installation

Fasten the controller in your model using hook-and-loop or double-sided adhesive tape. Connect the motor and receiver according to the schematic below. You may connect the motor cables in arbitrary order, as changing direction is done by exchanging any of the two cables (alternatively also by the “Direction” parameter in the configuration). Turn on the transmitter. Now you can plug in the main flight pack and turn on the speed controller with the receiver attached.

Note: The red LED on the controller will light up for two seconds to indicate proper initialization. After the correct throttle impulse is detected (meaning off position), the controller plays a predefined melody. Now it’s ready to fly. The controller will enter standby mode on behalf of the switch or button command. The type of used switching element is defined in the controller configuration. If there is no switching element connected (keeping “Mechanical Switch” in the settings), the controller is always turned on.
Warning:

Always use brand-new, high-quality connectors and make sure that the cables are soldered perfectly. Any possibility of losing connection during a motor run represents a risk of damaging your electronics.

If you start the controller for the first time or make any significant changes in the setup, please make sure that the propeller is removed from the motor shaft.

Always disconnect batteries after the flight session ends. Even if the speed controller is turned off by the switch, it still draws some small current. This could result in a completely drained battery within a few days or weeks.
Note: if your flight pack voltage is greater than 25 V (6S LiPo) we recommend using the power connectors with the integrated antispark mechanism. For example, the XT90 connectors with integrated antispark can be used.

Controller mode

It is possible to choose from several basic controller modes:

  • Normal (ramped) – the preconfigured acceleration time is always applied when accelerating. This is a default mode for major use.
  • Fast mode – the preconfigured acceleration is applied only when spinning up from zero revolutions. After that, a minimum possible delay is used (0.2 s for zero-to-full throttle response).
  • Normal with reverse – behaves similarly to the Normal mode. In addition, you can choose a throttle reversing channel that will control the motor direction during flight.
  • Heli/Governor – fast and precise control of constant RPM with many adjustable parameters.

Throttle input signal

The controller expects positive impulses from the receiver with a maximum refresh rate of up to 400 Hz. By default, with automatic endpoints selected, the controller will work with the vast majority of RC systems.

In this case, a minimum throttle signal pulse is loaded after start-up. The maximum power is then dynamically adjusted when you first give full throttle.

In case you need exact points on your transmitter stick, where the motor starts and where the full throttle is, you can configure manual endpoints as well.

Note: the controller waits for throttle-low position after startup and also every time the motor is stopped due to any error condition. If the throttle stick is not at the correct position during startup, the ESC plays a warning tone.

Motor settings

It is possible to configure many of the motor parameters, including acceleration, timing, motor gear ratio or number of poles. The gear ratio and number of poles are important for telemetry to measure the motor speed correctly.

Acceleration influences the motor response on the throttle channel. By decreasing the acceleration value, the motor response gets faster, providing a more "locked-in" feeling. However, the motor consumes more current and the controller generates more heat. We recommend the default acceleration of 1.0 s for the majority of model types, including electric gliders, scale models, EDFs etc. For 3D aerobatic flight, you might go down to 0.5 s or even less (with care). For the fastest motor response, you may also set the "Fast controller mode" in the Common Settings.

Timing is defined by the motor type and it is usually recommended by the motor manufacturer. It also influences the motor power and current consumption. Higher timing can increase the motor power but care must be taken not to overload the system.

  • Automatic timing: the timing is continuously adjusted by the internal algorithm. This is a universal solution compatible with most motor types.
  • 0–10° timing: recommended for inrunners, i.e. motors with internal magnets.
  • 15–20° timing: recommended for most outrunners (motors with rotating casing). It offers a good combination of power and efficiency.
  • 25–30° timing: high-torque motors with many poles require the highest timing.

The motor type should be modified only in some specific cases where it is necessary by the application.

There are three options available:

  • "Standard" motor type - recommended for most types and applications (default).
  • "High Torque" - if you have problems with motor synchronization during fast acceleration, use this mode. Preconditions: large outrunner with more than 20 poles, heavy propeller, large current peaks. We also recommend increasing the timing to more than 20°.
  • "High speed" - use this mode if your drive unit exceeds 250,000 eRPM (revolutions per minute calculated for a 2-pole motor).

Startup power influences the first few motor revolutions. If you are not satisfied with the automatic mode, you can set the motor start to be more aggressive (positive values), or as smooth as possible (negative values).

Brake configuration

The electromagnetic brake is a standard feature of all ESCs used in electric glider models. The KAVAN Smart PRO controller offers several additional parameters to fine-tune the braking function. You can use one of the preconfigured brake settings or specify all the parameters as you wish.

Brake options:

  • Off: The propeller spins freely without braking.
  • Soft: Transition from zero to full braking force in 1.0 s.
  • Medium: Transition to full braking force in 0.7 s.
  • Hard: Transition from 50% to 100% braking force in 0.5 s.
  • Manual: you can specify all brake parameters manually:
  1. Start power (start of brake) - braking force applied from the first moment of applying the brake.
  2. End power (end of brake) - braking force applied after the transition time elapses (usually the full braking force that stops the motor completely).
  3. Transition - the time between brake start power and brake end power. During this time, the braking force continuously transits from start to end power.
  4. Wait time - the time between unpowering the motor and applying the brake. During this time the motor spins freely without power.

Example: motor brake with the following parameters: brake start = 50%, brake end = 100%, ramp = 0.5 s, wait time = 0.3 s.

BEC voltage and settings

In the Common Setting menu, you can modify the BEC voltage very precisely in steps of 0.1 V. The controller contains a very powerful BEC which can deliver up to 15 A continuous current. However, in case of a high-power setup, sufficient cooling airflow must be provided. Connecting both Telemetry and Throttle cables to the receiver is recommended to provide high current throughput.

Warning: always set the BEC voltage according to the rating of the attached electronics, including receivers, sensors and servos. Never exceed the voltage limits.

Backup battery

In case you need a small buffer battery for covering voltage spikes of the attached servos, you can specify its presence in the Common Setting – Backup battery menu. After setting the battery type it is necessary to remove all power supplies from the controller and then reconnect them. Possible options:

  • "No" (default) - the buffer battery is not present and the BEC voltage is set according to the value set in the configuration. No external power supply shall be connected to the receiver side, otherwise the BEC won’t turn on.
  • "2S LiPo 8.4V" - an external power supply with a maximum voltage of 8.4 V is expected on the receiver side (see the picture). The controller won’t initialise itself if the backup battery voltage is outside the limits (or not connected). The BEC voltage will be set automatically according to the backup battery so that there is no risk of uncontrolled currents.
  • "2S LiFe 7.2V" - an external power supply with a maximum voltage of 7.2 V is expected on the receiver side. The behaviour is similar to the case of 2S LiPo.

External switch

The KAVAN Smart PRO ESC allows you to install an external switch if needed. By default, the switch is not present so the speed controller/BEC turns on immediately after connecting the flight battery.

You can specify the type of switching element in the Common Setting – Switch Type:

  • Mechanical (default) - the switch shorts the yellow (signal) and brown (ground) wires of the Switch/Button cable. An inverted logic is used, so that the ESC stays turned on if the switch is left open.
  • Button/Hall - the first long press turns on the ESC; the second long press turns it off. The LED indicates an on/off state and blinks if the magnet (or button press) is detected. The Hall sensor can be bought as an ESC accessory.
  • Electronic - allows you to install an external electronic switch (Touch Switch, RC Switch etc.). In this case, the switching device is always powered and the logic level of the signal wire specifies the on/off state to the controller.
Note: please pay attention to the parameters of an external switch before connecting. The signal wire uses a 3.3V logic with a weak pull-up. The power supply from the ESC is rated 10 V with a maximum current of 30 mA.

Propeller positioning

The positioning feature allows moving the motor/propeller to the exact position required for a safe landing, or which is just comfortable for further flying. With just a few external components (a Hall sensor and a small magnet) you can enable this feature and prevent the risk of damaging your propeller during landing. The magnet needs to be properly fixed to the rotating part (either the motor or the propeller), and the Hall sensor has to be located in the fuselage so that the magnet matches the Hall sensor at the target propeller position. After enabling the positioning feature in the menu (Prop Position = Hall Sensor), set also the Positioning PWM, so that the motor spins slowly but smoothly. You may also change the duration of the actively held motor position (Position Hold Time) which is applied after the correct position is found. The position-hold feature is useful in the case of a retractable engine since it doesn’t allow the propeller to be moved while retracting.

Connect the Hall sensor of the propeller positioning function to the IN-B port of the controller.

Note: use a high-quality CA or Epoxy glue to fix the magnet in the rotating part. You can also drill a small hollow in the spinner and fix the magnet in it.
Warning: do not use higher PWM than necessary otherwise the motor may overheat. Generally use as low PWM as possible so that the motor holds its position reliably. Check the current consumption using the telemetry.

Motor identification

Some motor brands contain an integrated temperature sensor compatible with the KAVAN Smart PRO speed controller. This sensor (T125-ID) might be used as a standalone telemetry sensor with Duplex/Hott/S.Bus2 telemetry support. Alternatively, the sensor can be directly connected to the Input port "A" of the controller (see the picture above). From this moment on, the KAVAN Smart PRO controller will know the basic motor parameters (minimum acceleration, recommended timing, gear ratio, number of poles…) and motor temperature as well. Some parameters are adjusted automatically (gear ratio, poles), and the other settings are configured after resetting the controller to factory defaults. Connect the motor-identification sensor into the IN-A port of the controller.

Active freewheeling

"Active freewheeling" or "Active braking" is a feature of the speed controller that reduces heat generated by the ESC during partial load operation. This mode is useful for aerobatic pilots who want not only fast acceleration but also rapid deceleration. The motor follows throttle stick input in both ways and the pilot feels more "locked-in".

Current limiter

The current limiter is a part of safety controller features. It doesn’t stop the motor but rather continuously monitors the immediate current consumption and adjusts the motor power. You can enable this feature, specify the maximum allowed current and the ESC will reduce the motor power immediately as soon as the current threshold is exceeded. After the current returns back to the safe level, the motor power is restored.

Battery protection

The integrated battery protection is based on undervoltage detection and reducing motor power, alternatively shutting down the motor completely. You can freely set the number of cells (or leave automatic detection) and low voltage threshold per cell. Supported battery types are NiXX (1.2 V), LiFe (3.6 V max) and LiIo/LiPo (4.2 V max).

Status codes

The status codes are shown on the screen (JETIBOX/SMART-BOX) if any kind of error condition occurs. If any status code is set, the red LED continuously flashes.

Available status codes:

  • Low Voltage (UL): the battery voltage got below the threshold specified in the battery protection menu and the controller either reduced the maximum power or shut down the motor completely.
  • High voltage (UH): in case you use a weak battery or wall power supply, the voltage might rise above the initial level during braking. In such a case, the alarm is set and all braking functions are disabled.
  • High current (IH): the current got higher than the maximum peak current defined in the product specification (120 A for KAVAN Smart PRO 85).
  • High temperature (T100, T110, T120): the temperature got above the safety threshold level. The numerical value specifies the maximum detected temperature and safety protocol which has been applied.
  • Commutation error (COM): a synchronization error has been detected during the motor operation. It usually occurs when the motor stops abruptly, or in case of very fast acceleration for some specific setups. This error could mean a serious issue in the motor-controller installation.

Heli/governor mode

The speed controllers contain a fast and precise governor function. You can configure the governor mode in many aspects according to your preferences.

Before enabling the governor mode, please make sure the blades are removed. In the Common Setting menu, set the Controller Mode to "Heli/Governor" and proceed through the settings below:

  • Set the minimum and maximum RPM of the main rotor according to your preferences. As soon as you move the throttle away from the idle position, the controller slowly spools up until it reaches the target speed. The speed is calculated according to the throttle channel value, where low throttle corresponds to the "Minimum RPM" and high throttle corresponds to "Maximum RPM".
  • Set the Spool-up Time to make the motor startups as smooth as possible. You may set the time up to 60s. The spool-up time is applied when the motor starts from zero

revolutions or if the autorotation bailout is disabled.

  • Configure the Autorotation bailout time and autorotation acceleration time. The autorotation bailout function is used in case you need to quickly exit the autorotation and prevent your model from crashing. In this case, as soon as you move the throttle channel away from the idle position, the "Autorotation acceleration" will be used to spin the motor until it reaches the required speed. The "Autorotation bailout" parameter sets the time after switching off the motor, when the autorotation bailout function may be activated. After exceeding this time, a standard spool-up time will be applied.
  • Advanced settings: Governor gains – (P)roportional and (I)ntegral. You may modify the gains to fine-tune the controller response to fast changes in the load during flight manoeuvres. Please perform the changes only in small steps and verify the resulting behaviour in a short test flight.
  1. Increase the P gain to eliminate small RPM fluctuations during straight flight, e.g. while hovering. If you hear some unexpected noise in the motor/gearbox (which means fast oscillations), reduce the P gain by 20 %.
  2. Increase the I gain to hold the precise revolutions during manoeuvres. If the motor speed starts oscillating noticeably, reduce the I gain by 20%.
  • In the Governor mode, manual throttle endpoints are always used (by default 1.1–1.9 ms) and Active braking is enabled as well.

The picture below shows RPM response vs. throttle position. In this case, default throttle endpoints have been used (1.1–1.9ms).

Note: please make sure the gear ratio and number of motor poles are correctly set in the Motor Setting menu. Also, please verify that the brake is disabled and check the state of the propeller positioning function.


Please note that dynamic changes of the motor revolutions in flight are limited by the “Acceleration” parameter configured in the Motor Setting menu. Please make sure the acceleration is slow enough so that changing revolutions in flight does not lead to sudden changes in model attitude.

Motor direction reversing

The motor reverse feature is available for RC systems with bidirectional bus support (EX Bus, P²Bus, SRXL2, S.Bus2). To control the motor direction you need to define an additional channel transferred through the bus system. Both cables (red and black) of the KAVAN Smart PRO speed controller must be properly linked to the receiver. First, you need to create an additional channel on your transmitter to control the motor direction. This channel should be operated by a two-position switch.

Futaba/Spektrum:

Use one of the AUX channels and remember the channel number. It is not necessary to use just the channels available on your receiver since the RC systems usually offer more channels over the bus than the physical number of receiver ports.

Example: If you use Spektrum NX6 and a 6-channel receiver, you may still use channel No. 7 (AUX2) to control the reversing feature over the bus.

JETI:

Create a new model function in the Model - Functions Assignment menu and assign a spare two-position switch. After that, in the Model – Servo Assignment menu, assign the function to one of the receiver channels (1–16). Again, you may use the channels that are not directly available on the receiver outputs (e.g. 13–16) since they will be transferred through EX Bus without limitation.

PowerBox:

Create a new model function in the Function menu by pressing the "+" button and assign it a 2-position control switch. Choose one of the available servo output channels (1–16). The switch position will be transferred over the P²Bus to the speed controller.

To enable the motor reverse function in the controller, set the "Controller Mode" to "Normal/Reverse" and set the correct channel from the previous step. You may also play with the brake settings and reverse wait time under the "Manual" brake type.

Check the function: As soon as you flip the direction switch, the controller activates braking, and after some short pause, the motor starts spinning in the opposite direction.

Note: the brake is always enabled in the “Normal/Reverse” mode. Even if you set the brake type to "Off", the Soft braking will be applied.

Telemetry and settings

Plug the red data cable into the sensor slot of the JETIBOX / SMART-BOX (or corresponding receiver). Power it up with a battery (4.5–8.4 V). Now you can safely configure the controller using the arrows on the terminal. If you use an external (optional) switch connected to the ESC, please make sure that the controller is turned on.

KAVAN Smart PRO controllers are compatible with JETIBOX programming. The JETIBOX menu is divided into five sections:

Actual values

- displays the latest telemetry values together with minimums and maximums.

  • Available telemetry: Voltage, current, capacity, RPM, power (per cent), temperature.
  • If the motor chip ID is connected, also motor identification and temperature are shown.
  • Reset Min/Max - press the left and right buttons together to reset all minimums and maximums.

Common settings

- basic controller settings

  • Controller mode - basic controller mode (normal or fast).
  • Startup beep - choose a melody played after the controller initialization.
  • Standby beep - you can activate short repeated beeps as an indication of a powered motor drive.
  • Motor endpoints, motor start, motor full - settings related to throttle input signal decoding.
  • Capacity reset - you can choose at which moment the capacity and consumed energy are reset:
  1. Power on - the capacity is reset after the controller initialization. However, the capacity from the previous run will be displayed initially until you start the engine.
  2. Voltage change - the capacity is cleared after you connect a battery with a similar (or greater) voltage compared to the maximum battery voltage from the previous run. This means that each time you connect a fully charged battery of the same chemistry and number of cells, the capacity will be cleared.
  3. Manual - the capacity/energy is never cleared and you must perform the reset manually.
  • Language - you can choose the language of the JETIBOX screen.

Motor settings

- settings related to motor parameters.

  • Direction, acceleration, timing, startup power, motor type, gear ratio, motor poles - see the Motor Settings chapter.
  • Brake related settings - see the Brake Configuration chapter.
  • Prop position, positioning PWM, position hold time - see the chapter Propeller positioning.
  • Motor Enabled (0/1) - motor operation can be enabled or disabled based on the logical state of the specific input “IN B.2” (connector pinout from left to right: 1 = Hall sensor input, 2 = Motor enable input, 3 = 3.3V, 4 = Ground). If you choose an “InputPin Log0/1” option, you must pull the throttle low before starting the motor. On the other hand, after choosing the "Autostart Log0/1" option, the controller will start spinning as soon as the input pin state allows it and the throttle position is above the idle position.
  • Freewheeling - enables freewheeling/active braking motor operation.

Protection

- ESC and battery protection settings.

  • Low battery - behavior when the battery is discharged. Either set to slowly reduce the motor power, or shut down the motor immediately. The minimum safe voltage is based on number of cells (cell count) and voltage per cell.
  • Limit current - enable this feature to prevent high current peaks and system overload.
  • Limit power at 100°C - you can edit the maximum allowed PWM after the controller temperature exceeds 100 °C. The model must be operable, but the temperature must not increase anymore.

Service

- In this menu, you can view the device version and reset it to the default factory configuration.

JETIBOX menu structure

Available EX and P²Bus telemetry:

  • Battery voltage (V)
  • Motor current (A)
  • Capacity (mAh)
  • Speed (RPM)
  • PWM (%)
  • Power (W)
  • Motor run time (s)
  • Energy (Wmin) - a useful feature for competitions where the total energy is limited (F5B, F5D).
  • Temperature (°C)
  • External temperature (°C) - if the motor identification chip is connected, the ESC forwards motor temperature in its own telemetry.
  • Motor status:
  • 0 = initial state
  • 1 = motor running
  • 2 = braking
  • 3 = positioning started
  • 4 = position found.
  • 5 = position error (prop out).
  • BEC voltage (V)
  • BEC current (A) - KAVAN Smart PRO 145 only.

The KAVAN SMART PRO controller is recognised by default as an "Air-ESC" sensor.

Graupner HOTT menu structure

Futaba and Multiplex connection

Futaba and Multiplex systems do not offer wireless device configuration. The telemetry transmission is possible with the following fixed sensor slots:

Futaba S.Bus2 slot Note Slot Multiplex MSB
Speed 2 Select the RPM sensor on slot 2. 6
Current 3 Select the SBS01C current sensor on

slot 3.

3
Voltage 4 2
Capacity 5 4
Temperature 6 Select the Temp125 sensor on slot 6. 5
PWM (0–100%) 7 Select the Temp125 sensor on slot 7. -
Note Manual detection in menu Linkage - Sensor. Automatically detected by the transmitter.

PowerBox Telemetry

From version 1.09, the KAVAN Smart PRO controller can recognise the PowerBox P²Bus telemetry protocol. Connect the Telemetry cable (red connector) to the P²Bus port of the receiver. The transmitter scans for attached sensors as soon as the receiver is powered up and the controller telemetry should be available within 2.5 seconds. After that, you are free to assign the telemetry to any desktop widgets and alarms. Available telemetry is similar to the Duplex EX telemetry (see above). The controller configuration through the PowerBox transmitter is not available at the moment.

Spektrum Integration

From version 1.06, the Spektrum telemetry support has been integrated into a special firmware version. This alternative firmware offers the SRXL2 telemetry and setting using the TextGen protocol. The KAVAN Smart PRO controller is represented in the transmitter by two telemetry devices:

  • "ESC" shows battery voltage, current, BEC voltage, ESC temperature, RPM and power output.
  • "Flight Pack Capacity" sensor that shows the consumed battery capacity.

Connect the Throttle cable (black connector) to the Thr (1) receiver port. For proper telemetry/setting, also connect the Telemetry cable (red connector) to the Prog/SRXL2 receiver port. The controller normally delivers only numerical telemetry. The textual menu (TextGen) is available only after a special procedure is performed during startup:

  • We assume the Throttle and Telemetry cables are connected correctly and the transmitter is turned on. Now push the throttle high.
  • Turn on the ESC either by connecting the flight pack or by flipping the external switch.
  • The motor will beep indicating detection of the high throttle impulse. After 3 seconds, another beep announces entering the programming menu.
  • Now you may pull the throttle low. On the transmitter's main screen scroll right to locate the TextGen menu. The motor will never start spinning if the textual menu is enabled. To enable normal motor operation, you have to leave the TextGen menu by choosing the "Exit" option on the first page.
  • Navigation in the menu is provided by the transmitter's sticks – the elevator stick moves the cursor up/down and the aileron stick changes the selected value.
  • The configuration changes are saved immediately after any value is edited.
Note: use the latest firmware version in your transmitter and receiver. For Spektrum NX, at least version 3.06 has to be installed. Recommended receivers: AR8360T, AR8020T, AR6610T, AR631T, AR637T…

The KAVAN Smart PRO version 2.01 and later is compatible with Spektrum single-cable operation (Smart Throttle). To enable this function, just plug the red telemetry cable into receiver channel No.1 and keep the other (black) cable unplugged. You will be able to control throttle as well as receive telemetry. This approach is compatible with the AR10400T receiver family as well.

If you use an ESC with galvanic isolation (KAVAN Smart PRO 200/220), always turn on the ESC before the receiver. Otherwise, the telemetry functions may not work.

Safety information

  • Operate the KAVAN SMART PRO controller always in a dry environment and within the device limits stated in this guide. Never expose the device to excessive heat or cold outside the working area.
  • Provide sufficient airflow to prevent controller overheating.
  • Never exceed the maximum allowed operating voltage of the controller/motor.
  • Do not increase the cable length between the controller and the motor. If you need to extend the wires between the controller and the battery to more than 30 cm (in total), solder multiple high-capacity Low-ESR capacitors (220–470 µF) in parallel to the power wires as close to the controller as possible. For each centimetre beyond the specified cable length, add a capacitance of 1µF for every Ampere of current passing through. For example, if you exceed the limit by 10 cm with a current of 100 A, solder a 1000 µF capacitor pack.
  • Always use high-quality connectors in good condition. Replace them if any visible sign of wearing appears.
  • Always remove the propeller before making any changes in the drive setup.
  • Never disconnect the ESC from the battery while the motor is spinning.
  • Do not remove the cover and heat sink from the device, and do not try to implement any changes or modifications. This can lead to total destruction and to the denial of any warranty claims.
  • Always check the polarity of the connection. Never inverse the polarity – this could lead to total destruction.

Firmware update

Firmware updates for KAVAN Smart PRO controllers are transferred from a PC via the USB interface. The required programs and files are available at www.mavsense.com.

Install the MAV Manager software and the USB drivers on your computer. Check the system requirements.

  1. Make sure that the flight pack is disconnected and the KAVAN Smart PRO ESC is unpowered.
  2. Connect the USB interface to your PC, run MAV Manager - Updater and select the correct COM Port.
  3. Connect the KAVAN Smart PRO ESC according to the picture below – use the red (telemetry) port. The controller will be automatically detected.
  4. Select the correct *.BIN file and press the Update button.

PC configuration

It is possible to use the MAV Manager software (1.4.0 and later) to conveniently configure all controller settings, display real-time telemetry and make a backup of the configuration. The configuration menu contains four buttons in the top toolbar:

  • Refresh - forces the configuration to be reloaded from the controller.
  • Import - imports the settings from a file. If you have several speed controllers and want identical settings for all of them, simply import the same settings to each controller.
  • Export - exports the settings from the controller to a file. You can easily create a backup configuration stored on your PC. After creating a backup, you may easily experiment with the controller settings and later revert back to the original configuration by pressing the "Import" button and choosing the original exported file.
  • Reset default - resets the controller to factory defaults and reloads all the settings.

Connect the controller to a computer using the USB interface. It is automatically detected by the MAV Manager.

The controller properties are available by pressing the "Configure" button.

Real-time telemetry with min/max values. MAV Manager is also capable of creating a log file from real-time telemetry data that can be viewed, analyzed, imported and exported.

Motor Settings. Whenever a configuration change is made, the new value is immediately transferred to the controller and stored in memory. No additional confirmation is required. For safety reasons, some parameters are only applied after the motor has stopped.


Manufacturer

All KAVAN Smart PRO electronic speed controllers are made in Czechia by MAV Sense s.r.o.

E-mail: info@mavsense.com | Web: www.mavsense.com

Recycling and waste disposal note (European Union)

Electrical equipment marked with the crossed-out waste bin symbol must not be discarded in the domestic waste; it should be disposed of via the appropriate specialised disposal system. In the countries of the EU (European Union) electrical devices must not be discarded via the normal domestic waste system (WEEE - Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Directive 2012/19/EU). You can take your unwanted equipment to your nearest public collection point or recycling centre, where it will be disposed of in the proper manner at no charge to you. By disposing of your old equipment in a responsible manner you make an important contribution to the safeguarding of the environment.

EU declaration of conformity (European Union)

Hereby, KAVAN Europe s.r.o. declares that these KAVAN Smart PRO line brushless electronic speed controllers are in compliance with the essential requirements as laid down in the EU directive(s) concerning electromagnetic compatibility. The full text of the EU Declaration of Conformity is available at www.kavanrc.com/doc.

Guarantee

The KAVAN Europe s.r.o. products are covered by a guarantee that fulfils the currently valid legal requirements in your country. If you wish to make a claim under guarantee, please contact the retailer from whom you first purchased the equipment. The guarantee does not cover faults which were caused in the following ways: crashes, improper use, incorrect connection, reversed polarity, maintenance work carried out late, incorrectly or not at all, or by unauthorised personnel, use of other than genuine KAVAN Europe s.r.o. accessories, modifications or repairs which were not carried out by KAVAN Europe s.r.o. or an authorised KAVAN Europe s.r.o., accidental or deliberate damage, defects caused by normal wear and tear, operation outside the Specification, or in conjunction with equipment made by other manufacturers. Please be sure to read the appropriate information sheets in the product documentation.

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