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File:V20-OV1.png
KAVAN Alpha 1500 V2 - Instruction manual
KAVAN Beta 1400 - Instruction manual
KAVAN Beta 1400 Kit - Instruction manual
KAVAN Bristell B23 1600mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Cumul 100 glider kit 2540mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Cumul DLG ARF 1096mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Cumul DLG kit 1096mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Dara A1 (F1H) glider kit 1200mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Der kleine Falke A1 glider kit 1240mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Der mini Falke 710mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Dingo A3 glider kit 796mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN ESCs - Instruction manual
KAVAN Falke 1800mm ARF - Instruction manual
KAVAN FunStik 1280mm kit - Instruction manual
KAVAN GRE-24 - Instruction manual
KAVAN HPH 304TS TwinShark - Instruction manual
KAVAN L-39 Skyfox 1088mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Norden 1600mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Orion A3 glider kit 930mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Pilatus PC-6 Porter - Instruction manual
KAVAN Plus ESCs - Instruction manual
KAVAN Pro ESCs - Instruction manual
KAVAN Pro programming card - Instruction manual
KAVAN programming card - Instruction manual
KAVAN Pulse 2200 V2 - Instruction manual
KAVAN R10 - User manual
KAVAN R6 - User manual
KAVAN R8 - User manual
KAVAN Robin Glider Kit 495mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Savage MAX - Instruction manual
KAVAN Savage Mini - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO AMS Alti motor switch - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO GPS2 Logger - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO Opto ESCs - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO SBEC ESCs - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO SE4 4ch BUS servo decoder - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO SE6 6ch BUS servo decoder - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO T70 Dual battery switch with telemetry expander - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO T75 Dual battery switch with telemetry expander - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO Temp125C Temperature sensor - Instruction manual
KAVAN Smart PRO USB-C interface - Instruction manual
KAVAN Strike DLG 1498mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN Swift S-1 - Instruction manual
KAVAN Tara A1 (F1H) glider kit 1100mm - Instruction manual
KAVAN V20 + ETHOS™ - User manual
KAVAN V20 - Changing the mode
KAVAN V20 - Quickstart guide
KAVAN V20 - Updating the firmware
KAVAN Vibe - Instruction manual
Main Page
Language
aa - Qafár af
ab - аԥсшәа
abs - bahasa ambon
ace - Acèh
acm - عراقي
ady - адыгабзэ
ady-cyrl - адыгабзэ
aeb - تونسي / Tûnsî
aeb-arab - تونسي
aeb-latn - Tûnsî
af - Afrikaans
aln - Gegë
alt - алтай тил
am - አማርኛ
ami - Pangcah
an - aragonés
ang - Ænglisc
ann - Obolo
anp - अंगिका
ar - العربية
arc - ܐܪܡܝܐ
arn - mapudungun
arq - جازايرية
ary - الدارجة
arz - مصرى
as - অসমীয়া
ase - American sign language
ast - asturianu
atj - Atikamekw
av - авар
avk - Kotava
awa - अवधी
ay - Aymar aru
az - azərbaycanca
azb - تۆرکجه
ba - башҡортса
ban - Basa Bali
ban-bali - ᬩᬲᬩᬮᬶ
bar - Boarisch
bbc - Batak Toba
bbc-latn - Batak Toba
bcc - جهلسری بلوچی
bci - wawle
bcl - Bikol Central
bdr - Bajau Sama
be - беларуская
be-tarask - беларуская (тарашкевіца)
bew - Betawi
bg - български
bgn - روچ کپتین بلوچی
bh - भोजपुरी
bho - भोजपुरी
bi - Bislama
bjn - Banjar
blk - ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ
bm - bamanankan
bn - বাংলা
bo - བོད་ཡིག
bpy - বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী
bqi - بختیاری
br - brezhoneg
brh - Bráhuí
bs - bosanski
btm - Batak Mandailing
bto - Iriga Bicolano
bug - Basa Ugi
bxr - буряад
ca - català
cbk-zam - Chavacano de Zamboanga
cdo - 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄
ce - нохчийн
ceb - Cebuano
ch - Chamoru
cho - Chahta anumpa
chr - ᏣᎳᎩ
chy - Tsetsêhestâhese
ckb - کوردی
co - corsu
cps - Capiceño
cpx - 莆仙語 / Pó-sing-gṳ̂
cpx-hans - 莆仙语(简体)
cpx-hant - 莆仙語(繁體)
cpx-latn - Pó-sing-gṳ̂ (Báⁿ-uā-ci̍)
cr - Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ
crh - qırımtatarca
crh-cyrl - къырымтатарджа (Кирилл)
crh-latn - qırımtatarca (Latin)
crh-ro - tatarşa
cs - čeština
csb - kaszëbsczi
cu - словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ
cv - чӑвашла
cy - Cymraeg
da - dansk
dag - dagbanli
de - Deutsch
de-at - Österreichisches Deutsch
de-ch - Schweizer Hochdeutsch
de-formal - Deutsch (Sie-Form)
dga - Dagaare
din - Thuɔŋjäŋ
diq - Zazaki
dsb - dolnoserbski
dtp - Dusun Bundu-liwan
dty - डोटेली
dv - ދިވެހިބަސް
dz - ཇོང་ཁ
ee - eʋegbe
egl - Emiliàn
el - Ελληνικά
eml - emiliàn e rumagnòl
en - English
en-ca - Canadian English
en-gb - British English
eo - Esperanto
es - español
es-419 - español de América Latina
es-formal - español (formal)
et - eesti
eu - euskara
ext - estremeñu
fa - فارسی
fat - mfantse
ff - Fulfulde
fi - suomi
fit - meänkieli
fj - Na Vosa Vakaviti
fo - føroyskt
fon - fɔ̀ngbè
fr - français
frc - français cadien
frp - arpetan
frr - Nordfriisk
fur - furlan
fy - Frysk
ga - Gaeilge
gaa - Ga
gag - Gagauz
gan - 贛語
gan-hans - 赣语(简体)
gan-hant - 贛語(繁體)
gcr - kriyòl gwiyannen
gd - Gàidhlig
gl - galego
gld - на̄ни
glk - گیلکی
gn - Avañe'ẽ
gom - गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni
gom-deva - गोंयची कोंकणी
gom-latn - Gõychi Konknni
gor - Bahasa Hulontalo
got - 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺
gpe - Ghanaian Pidgin
grc - Ἀρχαία ἑλληνικὴ
gsw - Alemannisch
gu - ગુજરાતી
guc - wayuunaiki
gur - farefare
guw - gungbe
gv - Gaelg
ha - Hausa
hak - 客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî
haw - Hawaiʻi
he - עברית
hi - हिन्दी
hif - Fiji Hindi
hif-latn - Fiji Hindi
hil - Ilonggo
hno - ہندکو
ho - Hiri Motu
hr - hrvatski
hrx - Hunsrik
hsb - hornjoserbsce
hsn - 湘语
ht - Kreyòl ayisyen
hu - magyar
hu-formal - magyar (formal)
hy - հայերեն
hyw - Արեւմտահայերէն
hz - Otsiherero
ia - interlingua
id - Bahasa Indonesia
ie - Interlingue
ig - Igbo
igl - Igala
ii - ꆇꉙ
ik - Iñupiatun
ike-cans - ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ
ike-latn - inuktitut
ilo - Ilokano
inh - гӀалгӀай
io - Ido
is - íslenska
it - italiano
iu - ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut
ja - 日本語
jam - Patois
jbo - la .lojban.
jut - jysk
jv - Jawa
ka - ქართული
kaa - Qaraqalpaqsha
kab - Taqbaylit
kai - Karai-karai
kbd - адыгэбзэ
kbd-cyrl - адыгэбзэ
kbp - Kabɩyɛ
kcg - Tyap
kea - kabuverdianu
kg - Kongo
khw - کھوار
ki - Gĩkũyũ
kiu - Kırmancki
kj - Kwanyama
kjh - хакас
kjp - ဖၠုံလိက်
kk - қазақша
kk-arab - قازاقشا (تٴوتە)
kk-cn - قازاقشا (جۇنگو)
kk-cyrl - қазақша (кирил)
kk-kz - қазақша (Қазақстан)
kk-latn - qazaqşa (latın)
kk-tr - qazaqşa (Türkïya)
kl - kalaallisut
km - ភាសាខ្មែរ
kn - ಕನ್ನಡ
ko - 한국어
ko-kp - 조선말
koi - перем коми
kr - kanuri
krc - къарачай-малкъар
kri - Krio
krj - Kinaray-a
krl - karjal
ks - कॉशुर / کٲشُر
ks-arab - کٲشُر
ks-deva - कॉशुर
ksh - Ripoarisch
ksw - စှီၤ
ku - kurdî
ku-arab - كوردي (عەرەبی)
ku-latn - kurdî (latînî)
kum - къумукъ
kus - Kʋsaal
kv - коми
kw - kernowek
ky - кыргызча
la - Latina
lad - Ladino
lb - Lëtzebuergesch
lbe - лакку
lez - лезги
lfn - Lingua Franca Nova
lg - Luganda
li - Limburgs
lij - Ligure
liv - Līvõ kēļ
lki - لەکی
lld - Ladin
lmo - lombard
ln - lingála
lo - ລາວ
loz - Silozi
lrc - لۊری شومالی
lt - lietuvių
ltg - latgaļu
lus - Mizo ţawng
luz - لئری دوٙمینی
lv - latviešu
lzh - 文言
lzz - Lazuri
mad - Madhurâ
mag - मगही
mai - मैथिली
map-bms - Basa Banyumasan
mdf - мокшень
mg - Malagasy
mh - Ebon
mhr - олык марий
mi - Māori
min - Minangkabau
mk - македонски
ml - മലയാളം
mn - монгол
mnc - ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ
mnc-latn - manju gisun
mnc-mong - ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ
mni - ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ
mnw - ဘာသာ မန်
mo - молдовеняскэ
mos - moore
mr - मराठी
mrh - Mara
mrj - кырык мары
ms - Bahasa Melayu
ms-arab - بهاس ملايو
mt - Malti
mus - Mvskoke
mwl - Mirandés
my - မြန်မာဘာသာ
myv - эрзянь
mzn - مازِرونی
na - Dorerin Naoero
nah - Nāhuatl
nan - Bân-lâm-gú
nap - Napulitano
nb - norsk bokmål
nds - Plattdüütsch
nds-nl - Nedersaksies
ne - नेपाली
new - नेपाल भाषा
ng - Oshiwambo
nia - Li Niha
niu - Niuē
nl - Nederlands
nl-informal - Nederlands (informeel)
nmz - nawdm
nn - norsk nynorsk
no - norsk
nod - ᨣᩤᩴᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ
nog - ногайша
nov - Novial
nqo - ߒߞߏ
nrm - Nouormand
nso - Sesotho sa Leboa
nv - Diné bizaad
ny - Chi-Chewa
nyn - runyankore
nys - Nyunga
oc - occitan
ojb - Ojibwemowin
olo - livvinkarjala
om - Oromoo
or - ଓଡ଼ିଆ
os - ирон
pa - ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
pag - Pangasinan
pam - Kapampangan
pap - Papiamentu
pcd - Picard
pcm - Naijá
pdc - Deitsch
pdt - Plautdietsch
pfl - Pälzisch
pi - पालि
pih - Norfuk / Pitkern
pl - polski
pms - Piemontèis
pnb - پنجابی
pnt - Ποντιακά
prg - prūsiskan
ps - پښتو
pt - português
pt-br - português do Brasil
pwn - pinayuanan
qu - Runa Simi
qug - Runa shimi
rgn - Rumagnôl
rif - Tarifit
rki - ရခိုင်
rm - rumantsch
rmc - romaňi čhib
rmy - romani čhib
rn - ikirundi
ro - română
roa-tara - tarandíne
rsk - руски
ru - русский
rue - русиньскый
rup - armãneashti
ruq - Vlăheşte
ruq-cyrl - Влахесте
ruq-latn - Vlăheşte
rw - Ikinyarwanda
ryu - うちなーぐち
sa - संस्कृतम्
sah - саха тыла
sat - ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ
sc - sardu
scn - sicilianu
sco - Scots
sd - سنڌي
sdc - Sassaresu
sdh - کوردی خوارگ
se - davvisámegiella
se-fi - davvisámegiella (Suoma bealde)
se-no - davvisámegiella (Norgga bealde)
se-se - davvisámegiella (Ruoŧa bealde)
sei - Cmique Itom
ses - Koyraboro Senni
sg - Sängö
sgs - žemaitėška
sh - srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
sh-cyrl - српскохрватски (ћирилица)
sh-latn - srpskohrvatski (latinica)
shi - Taclḥit
shi-latn - Taclḥit
shi-tfng - ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ
shn - ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး
shy - tacawit
shy-latn - tacawit
si - සිංහල
simple - Simple English
sjd - кӣллт са̄мь кӣлл
sje - bidumsámegiella
sk - slovenčina
skr - سرائیکی
skr-arab - سرائیکی
sl - slovenščina
sli - Schläsch
sm - Gagana Samoa
sma - åarjelsaemien
smn - anarâškielâ
sms - nuõrttsääʹmǩiõll
sn - chiShona
so - Soomaaliga
sq - shqip
sr - српски / srpski
sr-ec - српски (ћирилица)
sr-el - srpski (latinica)
srn - Sranantongo
sro - sardu campidanesu
ss - SiSwati
st - Sesotho
stq - Seeltersk
sty - себертатар
su - Sunda
sv - svenska
sw - Kiswahili
syl - ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ
szl - ślůnski
szy - Sakizaya
ta - தமிழ்
tay - Tayal
tcy - ತುಳು
tdd - ᥖᥭᥰᥖᥬᥳᥑᥨᥒᥰ
te - తెలుగు
tet - tetun
tg - тоҷикӣ
tg-cyrl - тоҷикӣ
tg-latn - tojikī
th - ไทย
ti - ትግርኛ
tk - Türkmençe
tl - Tagalog
tly - tolışi
tly-cyrl - толыши
tn - Setswana
to - lea faka-Tonga
tok - toki pona
tpi - Tok Pisin
tr - Türkçe
tru - Ṫuroyo
trv - Seediq
ts - Xitsonga
tt - татарча / tatarça
tt-cyrl - татарча
tt-latn - tatarça
tum - chiTumbuka
tw - Twi
ty - reo tahiti
tyv - тыва дыл
tzm - ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ
udm - удмурт
ug - ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche
ug-arab - ئۇيغۇرچە
ug-latn - Uyghurche
uk - українська
ur - اردو
uz - oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча
uz-cyrl - ўзбекча
uz-latn - oʻzbekcha
ve - Tshivenda
vec - vèneto
vep - vepsän kel’
vi - Tiếng Việt
vls - West-Vlams
vmf - Mainfränkisch
vmw - emakhuwa
vo - Volapük
vot - Vaďďa
vro - võro
wa - walon
wal - wolaytta
war - Winaray
wls - Fakaʻuvea
wo - Wolof
wuu - 吴语
wuu-hans - 吴语(简体)
wuu-hant - 吳語(正體)
xal - хальмг
xh - isiXhosa
xmf - მარგალური
xsy - saisiyat
yi - ייִדיש
yo - Yorùbá
yrl - Nhẽẽgatú
yue - 粵語
yue-hans - 粵语(简体)
yue-hant - 粵語(繁體)
za - Vahcuengh
zea - Zeêuws
zgh - ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ
zh - 中文
zh-cn - 中文(中国大陆)
zh-hans - 中文(简体)
zh-hant - 中文(繁體)
zh-hk - 中文(香港)
zh-mo - 中文(澳門)
zh-my - 中文(马来西亚)
zh-sg - 中文(新加坡)
zh-tw - 中文(臺灣)
zu - isiZulu
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<languages/> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ===Introduction=== The Orion A3 glider is a great entry-level kit for any modeller who has already gained some skills in classic balsa bashing and dope & tissue covering. You will need some basic modeller‘s tools, glues and dopes – you will find these handy for any of your future projects as well. Please make yourself familiar with the building plans and this manual BEFORE you actually start the assembly. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{Image frame|width=900|content=[[File:KAVAN Orion.png|300px|KAV02.8050 KAVAN Orion]]|align=center|pos=bot|caption=<br>[https://kavanrc.com/item/orion-a3-glider-kit-930mm-163778 '''KAV02.8050'''] '''KAVAN Orion'''}} </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> === Specification === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 100%;" |+ |Wingspan |930 mm |- |Length |740 mm |- |All-up weight |min. 150 g |} </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> === Before you start === '''Glue:''' You can use solvent-based modeller's glue (UHU® Hart etc.), water-resistant white glue ([https://www.kavanrc.com/category/dispersion-485 KAVAN White Glue], BISON® Super Wood etc.) or medium cyano ([https://www.kavanrc.com/item/kavan-power-ca-20g-medium-en-152585 KAV56.9952]). </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> '''Dope:''' [https://www.kavanrc.com/en/category/dopes-891 KAVAN STANDARD line] Adhesive dope, Shrinking dope, Top gloss dope and Thinner are the must for the dope and tissue covering, indeed. You can use any of the [https://www.kavanrc.com/category/dispersion-485 KAVAN Color] shrinking dopes as well. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> '''Tools and accessories:''' You will need a perfectly flat building board (at least 300×700 mm), precision knife ([https://www.kavanrc.com/item/kavan-knife-with-cutting-mat-156305 KAV66.770]), jigsaw, sanding blocks with 180 and 360–400 grit sandpaper, modeller’s pins ([https://kavanrc.com/en/item/modeller-s-pins-50pcs-153803 KAV66.0355]), scissors, flat and round fine file, soft flat (1/4"–3/8") brush, thin clear plastic film to protect the building plan (a large PE bag cut in half will work). </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> === Precautions === The model you build and fly is not a toy! Although it may seem light and slow in flight, it is capable of causing injury or other damage if mistreated. It is up to you whether you build the model properly, fly properly and continue to fly in accordance with common practice and rules (and common sense). If you are just getting started with aircraft models, ask for advice from your model shop or an experienced modeller at your local modelling club to find a good instructor. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> '''Before construction:''' Build the model exactly as instructed. Do not change or modify the model. If you do, you risk that the model may be unsafe or unable to fly. Take the time to build everything firmly and reliably. Use appropriate tools, accessories and other equipment that is in top condition. Correctly install all parts of the model and check the model before the first and every subsequent flight. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{Note|type=info|'''Note:''' We, as a kit manufacturer, can guarantee you a premium quality kit with detailed instructions, but flight characteristics and performance depend entirely on how you complete the model. Since we have no control over how you complete and operate the model, we cannot (and cannot be assumed) assume any responsibility for any damage caused or related to the operation of your completed model.}} </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ===Assembly=== * Lay the wing building plan on the building board and put a sheet of a thin clear plastic film to protect the building plan. If you have just a small building board, you can carefully cut the building plan into sections – wing section, horizontal tailplane section etc. * Before you apply the glue, please, always double-check the correct size, shape and alignment of the particular part. * Balsa and spruce sticks are intentionally supplied oversized in the kit. Pin the stick to the plan overlapping at both ends – you will cut/sand them to the correct length/shape once the assembly of the particular part has been finished. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ====Wing centre section==== * The wing features an under-cambered wing section; it is to be built in two steps. At first, you are going to glue together the ribs, mains spar and leading edge on a flat working surface - and then you will add the trailing edge using the supplied jig in order to get everything right. * Pin down the bottom main spar '''2''' (6x2 mm spruce stick) laid over the supporting 5×1.5 mm balsa stick '''1''' on the building plan protected by a clear plastic film - refer to '''Det. A.''' Glue all the ribs '''3''' to the bottom spar as well as the outer ribs '''6L''' and '''6R''' - the bevelled side outwards (refer to '''Det. F-F'''). {{Note|type=info|'''Note:''' The centre ribs 9 will be glued later.}} * Glue together the 6×2mm spruce stick '''4''' and 6×4mm balsa stick '''5''' so that their sides match as well as possible (Det. G). Once the glue has cured, sand this side perfectly flat using No. 180 sandpaper. * Glue the prepared leading edge to the front of '''3''' and '''6L'''/'''6R''' ribs. * Glue the 6×2 mm spruce top spar '''10''' into the notches in the ribs '''3'''. * Remove the wing frame from the building plan and put glue into the notches in the left trailing edge '''17L''' (we recommend using white wood glue as it gives you longer working time to set the trailing edge right and true). Attach the trailing edge to the ribs so the bottom of the trailing edge matches the bottom edge of the ribs. Before the glue sets; check the correct position of the trailing edge using the supplied jig '''14''' ('''Det. B'''). * Glue the right half of the trailing edge '''17R''' in place in the same manner; finally, glue it to the left half '''17L'''. * ''(If you are using cyano: Attach the trailing edge to the ribs, set it into the correct position using the jig '''14''' and only then apply the cyano to the joints.)'' * Lay down the wing centre section over the building plan and check if it is straight and true; before the glue sets you can carefully pin it down to the building board. In order to prevent any unwanted change of the wing profile, support the ribs with the balsa stick '''1''' near the trailing edge. * Glue the front bottom balsa sheeting '''7''' between the leading edge and the bottom spar '''2'''; glue the rear bottom sheeting '''8''' between the main spar '''2''' and the trailing edge '''17''' ('''Det. G'''). * Glue two centre ribs '''9''' onto the bottom sheeting and then the top sheeting '''11''' and '''12''' over them ('''Det. G'''). * Cut the triangular gussets '''13''' from 1.5×8mm balsa stick and glue them into the corners. * Cut and sand flush to the bevelled end ribs 6L/6R the overlapping spars, leading and trailing edges '''4'''+'''5''', '''2''', '''10''', '''17'''. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ====Wing panels==== {{Note|type=info|'''Note:''' The outer wing panels are to be built in the same manner as the wing centre section; just the top spar is to be glued later, once the washout has been set (see later). You can build both panels at once.}} * Pin down the bottom main spar '''16''' (6×2mm spruce stick) laid over the supporting 5×1.5mm balsa stick '''1''' on the building plan protected by a clear plastic film - refer to '''Det. A'''. Glue all the ribs '''3''' to the bottom spar as well as the root ribs '''18L''' and '''18R''' - the bevelled side outwards (refer to '''Det. H-H'''). * Glue together the 6×2mm spruce stick '''19''' and 6×4mm balsa stick '''20''' to form the leading edge as you did before. * Glue the leading edge to the front of '''3''' and '''18L'''/'''18R''' ribs. * Remove the wing panel frames from the building plan, put glue into the notches in the left trailing edge '''21L'''/'''21R''' and attach it to the ribs so the bottom of the trailing edge matches the bottom edge of the ribs. Before the glue sets; check the correct position of the trailing edge using the supplied jig '''14''' ('''Det. B'''). * Before the glue has cured, lay down the wing panels over the building plan, support the root ribs '''18L'''/'''18R''' with the balsa stick '''1''' near the trailing edge - so you can pin the frame down without any change to the wing profile. Pin the wing panels down at the ends of the leading edges and at the root of the trailing edge. Support the tip end of the trailing edge (where the wing tip '''23''' will be attached later) with a 5mm scrap of balsa or spruce stick to form the washout - it improves the stability of the model significantly. The washout of both two wing panels has to be the same. * Glue the 6×2mm spruce top spar '''22''' into the notches in the ribs '''3'''. * Cut the triangular gussets '''13''' from 1.5x8mm balsa stick and glue them into the corners. * Cut and sand the overlapping spars, leading and trailing edges '''19'''+'''20''', '''16''', '''22''', '''21''' flush to the bevelled root ribs '''18L'''/'''18R'''. * Glue the wing tips '''23''' in place and round their outer edges ('''Det. H-H'''). * Sand the leading edge of the wing centre section and wing panels to shape ('''Det. G'''). </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ====Joining the wing==== * Trial fit the wing centre section and wing panels – if attached together the wing panel dihedral must be 90 mm ('''Det. E''', measured at the leading edge). Apply a generous amount of glue to the wing centre section end ribs and wing panel root ribs and attach the wing panels to the wing centre section. Lay the wing centre section down on the building board; secure it with a couple of magazines wrapped in a plastic bag serving as a weight. Align the wing panels so their tips are 90 mm (at the leading edge) above the building board (you can use a couple of books or a wooden block). Let the glue cure thoroughly, and then sand the entire wing frame with fine sandpaper. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ====Horizontal tailplane==== ''The horizontal tailplane is to be built directly on the plan protected with a clear plastic film in a similar manner as the wing.'' * Pin down the balsa bottom main spar '''25''' (4×1.5 mm balsa) and 4x4mm balsa leading edge '''28''' on the building plan protected by a clear plastic film; glue all the ribs '''26''' and the centre rib '''27''' to them. * Glue the trailing edge '''29''' and the 4×1.5mm balsa top spar '''30''' to the ribs. * Cut the triangular gussets '''32''' from 1.5×8mm balsa stick and glue them into the corners. * Cut and sand the overlapping spars, leading and trailing edges '''28''', '''25''', '''30''', '''29''' flush to the outer ribs. Glue the tip ribs '''31''' in place and round their outer edges slightly. * Sand the leading edge to the shape of the tip ribs '''31''' ('''Det. K'''). * Use a 2.5mm drill bit to create a groove for the dethermalizer pin '''33''' in the centre ribs '''27'''; the pin will be glued in place after covering. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ====Fuselage and fin==== ''The fuselage consists of the tail boom made of spruce sticks and balsa blocks and the front fuselage block made of Ceiba plywood with veneer side covers offering enough space for the ballast and timer (if you decide to install one).'' * Start with the tail boom: On a flat working surface protected by a clear plastic film, glue together the balsa blocks '''35''' and '''36'''. Glue the spruce sticks 38 and '''37''' to the top and bottom of the balsa block '''35'''+'''36''' with their ends flush with the narrower end of the block as well as matching the edges of the block along its entire length. Double-check the tail boom is straight (not bent up/down, left/right) laying it down on your workbench. * Glue the spruce reinforcement '''39''' into the gap between '''35''' and '''38'''. * If you are considering installing a timer (either mechanic or electronic) and dethermalizer, now it is time to trim the openings in the fuselage block '''40''' as needed. Do not forget to cut an appropriate opening in one of the side covers ('''42''') as well. * On a flat working surface, glue together the assembled tail boom and the front part of the fuselage '''40'''. * Glue the ballast '''41''' into the opening in '''40''' and glue both two side covers '''42''' in place. * Glue the plastic horizontal tailplane support '''43''' to the top of the fuselage and - spaced to match the width of the horizontal tailplane - the front horizontal tailplane seat '''44'''. * Use the tip of a pointy modeller’s knife to cut slots for the brass tin rudder hinges '''47''' into the fin '''45''' and rudder '''46'''. Cyano the hinges into the rudder and then into the fin leaving a small (0.5mm) gap between the fin and rudder. * Glue the fin '''45''' to the fuselage in front of the horizontal tailplane seat '''44'''; align it exactly along the longitudinal axis of the fuselage and square to the horizontal tailplane attached to its seats '''44'''+'''43''' and fastened by a rubber loop. * Glue two wing dowels '''49''' into the fuselage. * Lay down the plywood wing seat '''48''' onto the fuselage and put the wing over it securing it by a rubber loop to the fuselage. Looking from the tail and nose, check if the trailing edge of the wing centre section is parallel to the horizontal tailplane. Trim the top of the fuselage under the wing seat if necessary; once satisfied, glue the wing seat in place. Before the glue has cured check the correct alignment of the wing respective to the horizontal tailplane once more. * Drill a 2.5mm hole for the horizontal tailplane pin '''50''' in the tail end of the fuselage and glue the pin in place. * Glue the skid '''51''' in place. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ====Doping and tissue covering==== Lightly sand the entire airframe with fine sandpaper. Before the frames are covered, all EXTERNAL surfaces MUST be primed with the adhesive dope (diluted at least 1:1 with the thinner; the dope must have the viscosity of water - never use the dope unthinned!). Use a soft flat brush to apply the dope and, when dry, lightly sand all doped surfaces with the fine sandpaper. Apply the second coat and sand lightly again. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Sheets of the Vlies covering tissue are supplied in the kit. You can glue it to the airframe using water-thinned white glue or clear dope. Always align the „grain“ of the tissue the long way - from tip to tip of the wing or horizontal tailplane. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> '''Horizontal tailplane:''' If you are new to the dope and tissue business, you should start with the horizontal tailplane to gain the skills on a smaller part of your model featuring no curves. Cut a 10mm piece of the tissue oversized all around the outline of the horizontal tailplane. Apply the thinned white glue or adhesive dope around the external edges of the lower side of the tailplane and to the diagonal ribs and centre plate; IMMEDIATELY set the tissue in position and smooth the edges with finger tips before it has a chance to dry. Cut the tissue all around the outline of the tailplane leaving it 4–5 mm over size. Bend and glue with thinned white glue or clear dope the overlapping tissue around the entire tailplane. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Cover the upper side of the tailplane in the same manner – apply thinned white glue/adhesive dope to the trailing and leading edges, main spar, centre plates and tips. Do not apply the glue to the diagonal ribs! </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> '''Wing:''' Cut four or six pieces (a skilled builder could cover the entire bottom side of the wing using just one long strip of tissue; the upper side of the wing centre section and wing panels are to be covered by separate strips) of the tissue 10 mm oversized all around the outline (do not forget the upper sheets have to be wider due to the airfoil camber). Again, start with the bottom side of the wing – apply the glue/dope to the leading and trailing edges and all ribs, attach the tissue and smooth the edges with your fingertips. Cut the tissue all around the outline of the wing leaving it 4–5 mm over size. Bend and glue with thinned white glue or adhesive dope the overlapping tissue around the edges of the entire wing. You will have to cut the tissue against the wing panel joints and in short 4–8mm portions around the wing tip in order to follow the curve of the tip. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{Note|type=info|'''Note:''' Covering the bottom side of the wing requires a little bit of skills, care and thoroughness. Take care to glue the covering tissue thoroughly to the entire wing frame; let the glue/adhesive dope cure at least 24 hours prior to shrinking. Using a different glue/dope than the dope used for shrinking is essential (you can glue the tissue to the wing using a diluted white glue or adhesive dope, but you cannot expect any success using a shrinking dope both for attaching the tissue to the wing and shrinking it); otherwise you are risking the tissue will tear off when treated with the shrinking dope.}} </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Cover the upper side of the wing centre section in the same manner (the tissue overlapping over the wing panel root ribs '''18''') – apply thinned white glue/adhesive dope to the trailing and leading edges, main spar and ribs. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Cover the wing panels with separate strips of tissue; attach the tissue to the rib, using a pencil and steel ruler or a piece of flexible plastic draw the line marking the joint of '''6''' and '''18''' ribs on the tissue. Trim the tissue to the line and glue it in place in the usual manner. You will have to cut the tissue in short 4-8 mm portions around the wing tip in order to follow the curve of the tip. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> You can cover the tail boom as well (apply 4 slightly overlapping strips to the bottom of both sides and finally to the top of the boom) to add some extra strength; there is no need to cover the nose. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Now you can apply several coats of thinned shrinking dope in order to shrink the tissue and protect it from moisture. Once the tissue is nice and smooth without wrinkles (after 1–2 coats) you can apply the colour tissue trim – and continue applying the shrinking dope. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Only apply the dope in a dry and well-ventilated area at room temperature (over 20 °C; low temperature/high humidity may cause „fogging“ of some dopes turning them milky white instead of clear – if that happens you can usually cure it by taking the model to a dry and warm place and applying just the fresh thinner with a brush to the „fogged“ part). Apply 3–5 coats of thinned dope to the entire model (use the top gloss dope for the fuselage and the last coat for the wing and horizontal tailplane). Lightly sand all doped surfaces with fine sandpaper between each coat. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apply the colour tissue trim (if any) to the fuselage before the last coat of dope (use the top gloss dope for the final coat). '''The stickers are to be applied only after the final coat!''' </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Let the model dry thoroughly after each coat (2–3 days). Check for any warping of the wing centre section or horizontal tailplane (the wing panel washout has remained the same). If that happens, you have to lay the wing and/or tailplane down to a flat surface protected with a plastic film and weigh it down (a couple of magazines in a plastic bag to the rescue again) after each coat. Let it dry thoroughly. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ====Final assembly, centre of gravity (CG)==== Glue the dethermalizer pin '''33''' into the horizontal tailplane. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Secure the side tow hook '''52''' to the left side of the fuselage using two screws '''53''' – refer to the building plan. The tow hook is adjustable – you can move it forward on a windy day or backwards on a calm day in order to achieve nice and steady climbing during the hi-start. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Tie the wing and horizontal tailplane to the dowels on the fuselage using several loops of the supplied rubber thread. Please note – one loop is never enough! </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Drill a 5mm access hole into the additional ballast compartment in the fuselage (refer to the building plan). Support the wing of the model with your fingertips in the centre of gravity position (the point marked by an arrow on the fuselage plan). The fuselage should be level - if the nose pitches up, put in as much additional ballast (not supplied in the kit) as necessary (you can use pellets, small screws etc.) Once satisfied, cover the hole with a strip of clear sticky tape. The correct balancing is essential; an incorrectly balanced model will be difficult to set up or unable to fly at all! </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ===Flying=== Once again check the correct position of the centre of gravity and check for any excessive warping of the wing centre section, tailplane and fuselage. Check the wing panel washouts are the same. Choose a nice calm day for the first flight. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The model must be launched into the wind every time. Throw grass into the air to observe the wind direction. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hold your model with the wing and fuselage level. Launch your model with a gentle push straight with the nose pointing slightly down. Do not throw your model with the nose up or at a greater angle than 10 degrees down. The model must have a certain minimum speed from the very start to stay airborne. It is not enough to just place your model in the air. It is better to land in tall grass in order to prevent any damage to your model during initial trimming. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> If everything is OK (correct wing and tailplane alignment, correct CG position) ORION will fly with the wings level in a nice glide with her nose pointing slightly down. If the model glides straight down to the earth a few paces in front of you, check the CG position again. If OK, add a thin piece of balsa or plywood under the trailing edge of the horizontal tailplane until the model glides in a nice flat and straight path. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Once satisfied, bend the rudder '''46''' slightly (about 2 mm) to the left (looking from the tail to the nose). Now the model should glide in large left (counter clockwise) turns; whilst under tow, the off-centre tow hook would force your ORION right - resulting in straight flight. '''Elementary!''' </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Once trimmed out you can try your first hi-start with your ORION using a 25m towline (a fishing line). You can purchase a towline set in your local model hobby shop or you can make your own from scratch. Get a towline (any fishing line strong enough to hold a 5kg fish is OK), tie a key ring to one end (a bowline knot is the best) and a flag (a piece of red cloth) 20–30 cm from the end. The flag makes the towline visible in the air as well as on the ground. Find a suitable spool to keep the towline on. Hook the ring at the tow hook and ask a friend to hold (and launch later) your model. Unwind the towline walking into the wind keeping it slightly stretched. The launch position of the model: wings level, nose very slightly up, directly into the wind. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Give a signal to your friend holding your model; both of you will start running into the wind and the assistant will launch the model after a few paces. Continue running into the wind paying attention to the tension of the towline and checking the model over your shoulder. Run as fast as necessary to achieve a steady climbing rate of your model – the model should climb straight forward, at a steady rate, in a nice arc. The stronger the wind, the slower you might run. If the towline tension decreases, your model climbs slowly (and yaws to a side) you should run faster. If the towline tension increases and the model turns violently to a side, you have to slow down and wait until the model returns to the original straight path. Hi-start requires some skills; especially on a windy day running too fast might even end in the destruction of your model. Once the mode climbs almost over your head, it should start turning slightly left – this is the moment to stop. Let the model fly in front of you and release the towline. For the initial high start, set the tow hook to the forward position. Based on the ORION´s behaviour, you can move it back/adjust later. If your model hesitates to climb, move it back; if pitches the nose up and veers to the side, move it forward. Adjust the rudder to achieve large flat left turns; tight banked turns kill the altitude! Usually, just a 2mm left offset is OK. Contest flyers would want to install the dethermalizer with a timer that kicks the horizontal tailplane up (about 45°) once the set time has elapsed; the model will land in large „hoops“ then. </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> '''Have a ball, enjoy your Orion.''' </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ===Parts list=== {| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%;" |- ! Part !! Building plan no. !! Quantity |- | Fuselage block (8mm Ceiba plywood) || 40 || 1 |- | Side cover (1mm veneer) || 42 || 2 |- | Building plan || || 1 |- | Instruction manual || || 1 |- | Vlies tissue sheet || || 1 |- | Sandpaper || || 1 |- | Sticker sheet || || 1 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Stick bundle A''' |- | Wing centre section main spar (spruce 2×6×560 mm) || 2, 10 || 2 |- | Wing leading edge- centre section (spruce 2×6×560 mm) || 4 || 1 |- | Fuselage stick (spruce 2×8×498 mm) || 37, 38 || 2 |- | Wing leading edge- Centre Section (balsa 4×6×560 mm) || 5 || 1 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Stick bundle B''' |- | Wing panel main spar (spruce 2×6×200 mm) || 16, 19, 22 || 6 |- | Wing panel trailing edge (balsa 3×12×200 mm) || 21L, 21R || 1+1 |- | Wing panel leading edge (balsa 4×6×200 mm) || 20 || 2 |- | Wing and horizontal tailplane gussets (balsa 1.5×8×198 mm) || 13, 32 || 2 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Stick bundle C''' |- | Horizontal tailplane main spar (balsa 2×4×300 mm) || 25, 30 || 2 |- | Horizontal tailplane trailing edge (balsa 2.8×10×300 mm) || 29 || 1 |- | Horizontal tailplane leading edge (balsa 4×4×300 mm) || 28 || 1 |- | Wing centre section trailing edge (balsa 3×12×290 mm) || 17L, 17R || 1+1 |- | Fuselage block (balsa 8 mm) || 35, 36 || 1+1 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Bag A''' |- | Wing rib (balsa 2 mm) || 3 || 24 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Bag B''' |- | Wing centre sheeting (balsa 1.5×33 mm) || 7, 8, 11, 12 || 3 |- | Wing jig || 14 || 1 |- | Wing centre rib (balsa 2 mm) || 9 || 2 |- | Wing tip (balsa 4 mm) || 23 || 2 |- | Wing centre section outer rib (bevelled) (balsa 6 mm) || 6L, 6R || 1+1 |- | Wing panel root rib (bevelled) (balsa 6 mm) || 18L, 18R || 1+1 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Bag C''' |- | Horizontal tailplane centre rib (balsa 5 mm) || 27 || 2 |- | Horizontal tailplane tip rib (balsa 3 mm) || 31 || 2 |- | Horizontal tailplane rib (balsa 1.5 mm) || 26 || 10 |- | Dethermalizer pin (bamboo Ø2.5×40 mm) || 33 || 1 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Bag D''' |- | Fin (balsa 3 mm) || 45 || 1 |- | Rudder (balsa 3 mm) || 46 || 1 |- | Rudder Hinge (brass tin) || 47 || 2 |- | Wing Seat (plywood 1.5×32×107 mm) || 48 || 1 |- | Fuselage Reinforcement (spruce 3×8×90 mm) || 39 || 1 |- | Wing Dowel (beech Ø3×32 mm) || 49 || 2 |- | Horizontal tailplane pin (bamboo Ø2.5×25 mm) || 50 || 1 |- | Skid (balsa 3 mm) || 51 || 1 |- | Horizontal tailplane seat (plastic) || 44 || 1 |- | Horizontal tailplane support (plastic) || 43 || 1 |- | Tow hook (fibreglass 1.5 mm) || 52 || 1 |- | Tow hook screw (steel Ø2×8 mm) || 53 || 2 |- | Ballast (steel Ø20×8 mm) || 41 || 1 </div>
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