Kavan AP09 - Návod k obsluze
ÚVOD
Motor KAVAN AP09 je jednoválcový dvoudobý spalovací motor se žhavící svíčkou, klikovou hřídelí uloženou ve dvou kuličkových ložiscích zkonstruovaný a vyrobený s pomocí nejmodernějších technologií zaručujících dlouhou životnost, nízkou hmotnost, vysoký výkon a snadný provoz. Pro jednoduché a bezproblémové nastavování je použit jednojehlový RC karburátor. Standardně je vybaven tlumičem a kuželovou hliníkovou maticí vrtule.
SEZNAMTE SE S MOTOREM KAVAN AP09
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1. Matice vrtule
2. Unašeč vrtule
3. Svorník karburátoru s maticí
4. Hlavní jehla
5. Palivové hrdlo
6. Otvor pro svíčku
7. Hlava válce
8. Zadní víko
9. Tlakovací hrdlo
10. Tlumič výfuku
11. Šrouby hlavy válce
12. Stavěcí šroub šoupátka karburátoru
13. Karburátor
14. Páka karburátoru
15. Kliková skříň
16. Upevňovací patky
TECHNICKÉ ÚDAJE
| Zdvihový objem | 1,47 ccm (0.09 cu inch) |
| Vrtání | 12,5 mm |
| Zdvih | 12 mm |
| Výkon | 0,35 kW/16 000 ot./min |
| Provozní otáčky | 3 000 - 17 000 ot./min |
| Hmotnost (s tlumičem) | 165 g |
ZÁSADY BEZPEČNÉHO PROVOZU
Při provozování modelářských motorů užívejte vždy „zdravý selský rozum“. Respektujte sílu a výkon motoru a zacházejte s ním při dodržování dále uvedených bezpečnostních pokynů. Vy a jen Vy sám jste plně zodpovědný za bezpečný provoz vašeho motoru. Vždy pracujte s rozmyslem a buďte si jisti, že dobře víte, co děláte. Důkladně předem pročtěte návod a zásady bezpečného provozu - a především se jimi řiďte.
Motor, který jste právě zakoupili, vám poskytne spolehlivý chod a dobrý výkon a bude zdrojem modelářského potěšení a radosti, pokud se budete přísně řídit návodem a bezpečnostními pokyny. Pamatujte, že motor není hračka, ale krásný výrobek jemné mechaniky, který je při nesprávném zacházení schopen způsobit vážná zranění vás nebo jiných osob, popřípadě nezanedbatelné škody na majetku.
• Nedovolujte přibližovat se především malým dětem a jiným přihlížejícím, kteří by mohli být zraněni v důsledku provozování vašeho motoru. Bezpečná vzdálenost je aspoň 5-6 metrů. Nikdo se nesmí zdržovat v rovině točící se vrtule!
• Motor vždy upevňujte do pevného a spolehlivého lože s použitím ocelových šroubů se samojistnými maticemi. Nikdy neupínejte motor přímo do svěráku. Pro upevnění motoru do modelu používejte kvalitní, správně dimenzovaná motorová lože, doporučovaná konstruktérem, výrobcem modelu nebo odborným prodavačem. Ujistěte se, že všechny šrouby jsou správně dotažené.
• Používejte vrtuli správného průměru a stoupání. Řiďte se pokyny v návodu k obsluze, na plánu modelu nebo si nechejte poradit odborným prodavačem. Mějte na paměti, že plastové vrtule zvláště větších průměrů mohou vyžadovat zvláštní zacházení - vždy se řiďte pokyny výrobce vrtulí.
• Vrtuli upevněte ve správné orientaci (při pohledu „z kabiny“ modelu je vrtule v tažném uspořádání vždy pravotočivá, při pohledu zepředu se otáčí proti směru hodinových ručiček). Matici vrtule vždy s odpovídající podložkou pečlivě a pevně dotahujte a dotažení v provozu pravidelně kontrolujte. Používejte jen nepoškozené a dobře vyvážené vrtule.
• Vyřaďte neprodleně všechny vrtule s prasklinami, lomy, škrábanci nebo jakýmikoliv známkami únavy materiálu nebo poškození. Vrtuli se nikdy nepokoušejte opravovat nebo upravovat. Běžné vibrace spojené s chodem motoru mohou způsobit povolení matice vrtule – pravidelně a často proto dotažení kontrolujte.
• Motor zastavujte jen úplným uzavřením karburátoru popřípadě přerušením dodávky paliva zaškrcením přívodní hadičky. Nikdy se nepokoušejte zastavit točící se vrtuli prsty, rukou nebo jinou částí těla. Nikdy nevhazujte nic do točící se vrtule ve snaze ji zastavit.
• Dbejte, aby se obličej a ostatní části vašeho těla při startování motoru nenacházely v dosahu vrtule. Nenaklánějte se přes vrtuli při nastavování karburátoru za chodu motoru.
• Chraňte prsty před „pokousáním“ vrtulí, jak je to jen možné. Pro ruční startování používejte pevnou koženou rukavici nebo speciální chránič prstu, který lze zakoupit v modelářských prodejnách. Použití elektrického startéru je velmi bezpečný způsob spouštění motoru.
• Karburátor nastavujte výhradně z prostoru za motorem a točící se vrtulí.
• Zvláštní opatrnosti dbejte, pokud sami přenášíte model s běžícím motorem. Nespouštějte oči z točící se vrtule a držte ji pěkně od těla svého i ostatních osob.
• Nepoužívejte příliš těsné motorové kryty. Mohou nadměrně omezovat proudění vzduchu okolo motoru, což může vést k poškození motoru přehřátím.
• S modelem nelétejte v blízkosti nebo pod vedením vysokého napětí.
MONTÁŽ MOTORU
1. Orientace motoru
Motor může být montován v libovolné poloze, optimální výkonnosti a nejspolehlivějšího chodu se dosahuje při montáži hlavou nahoru nebo až 90 stupňů na obě strany. Pokud je motor montován v invertní poloze (hlavou dolů), bude vyžadovat poněkud jiné nastavení karburátoru a také nádrž by měla být montována níže (viz dále). Invertní motory mívají tendenci k přeplavování a je všeobecně obtížnější nastavit přechody do vyšších otáček.
2.Upevnění motoru
Pro upevnění motoru použijte vždy dostatečně dlouhé ocelové imbusové šrouby M3 s podložkami a samojistnými maticemi. Jako motorové lože použijte buď plastové plněné skelnými vlákny, nebo překližkové, které bude pevnou součástí draku modelu. V případě plastového lože musí být motorová přepážka z letecké překližky aspoň 3 mm silné.
3. Muffler Installation and Exhaust Pipe Direction Adjustment.
The muffler threads into the rear of the engine case. Simply thread the pieces together. Be careful not to cross thread the parts. The position of the exhaust tube can be changed by using the spacers provided between the muffler and the engine case.
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4. Tank Size and Orientation to Carburettor.
Ideally, the tank stopper should be level with the needle valve assembly. However, most models will require the tank to be positioned higher than the ideal location. A high positioned tank will pose no problems but can be troublesome for extreme aerobatic flight. The size tank used should be 30 to 110 ml (1 to 4 ounces) according to the model and length of flights desired. A 1 ounce tank should provide between 4 and 5 minutes of run time at full throttle. The fuel pickup inside the tank should be connected to the carburettor’s fuel nipple. The vent for the tank should be connected to the muffler‘s pressure fitting.
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5. Needle Valve Position.
The high speed needle valve is angled back to give some distance between it and the propeller. The nut at the base of the needle valve assembly can be loosened slightly to allow the needle valve to be changed at different angles. Be sure to tighten the nut once you have decided on a position.
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6. Idle Stop Screw and Throttle Arm
The idle stop screw limits the travel of the carburettor barrel. By adjusting the screw (turn the screw in to open, out to close), the barrel‘s ability to close will be limited. The opening in the barrel controls how slow the engine idles. When the barrel closes completely, the engine will stop running. For most applications, it is advised to adjust the screw so that the barrel will close completely. The radio can then be setup to control the carburettor barrel closure via the throttle arm.
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7. Carburettor Installation
The carburettor is held in position by a cinch bolt and nut. Slide the carburettor into the engine case. Lightly press against the carburettor to slightly compress the O-ring around the base of the carburettor. Tighten the nut on the cinch bolt to hold the carburettor in place. Do NOT over tighten the nut, as this will crush the carburettor base.
8. Propeller Installation
The propeller fits onto the engine‘s crankshaft. If it does not fit, use a propeller reamer, tapered reamer to open the hole slightly. Do NOT oversize the hole. Once the propeller has been positioned on the shaft, use the spinner nut to retain the propeller. To tighten the nut, slide a screwdriver or other device through the hole in the end of the nut.
PROPELLER, GLOW PLUG AND FUEL
Size: The diameter and pitch of the propeller needed for the AP09 depends on the application. Weight, size, drag, etc. are all factors in determining the correct size. Some experimentation will be necessary. Please keep your selection within the size parameters listed here:
6x4“, 6×5“, 7x3“, 7×3.5“, 7x4“
Use 7x4“ propeller for break-in procedures.
Glow Plug Type
Use a hot glow plug intended for two-stroke engines. Do NOT use long reach plugs as they will damage the piston. Suitable glow plugs are: O.S. Engine No.6 (former A3), KAVAN PRO K1 etc.
Fuel
The AP09 Engine is designed to run on fuel that is a mixture of methanol, nitromethane, and lubricants. The oils mixed into the fuel provides all of the lubrication and most of the heat dissipation for the engine. Do not use fuel that has incorrect oil contents or is old and has been exposed to air and/ or moisture. The fuel used for break-in should have no more than 15% nitromethane and no less than 20% Oil content (made up of a mixture of castor or castor/ synthetic ).Once the engine is broken-in, a fuel containing 25-35% nitromethane can be used. Do NOT use a fuel that contains only synthetic lubricants. Fuels with some or all castor oil for the lubricant will make the engine run cooler and last longer.
STARTING PROCEDURE
The AP09 can be started with an electric starter or can be “hand-cranked”. As with most small engines, using an electric starter is strongly recommended. It makes starting easier when the engine is new and is safer.
However, when using the electric starter, the possibility of hydro-locking is possible. (Hydro-locking is a condition where too much fuel is in the combustion chamber or other cavities of the engine. So much so that attempting to force the engine to turn over will result in damage.) Always “pull” the propeller through the compression strokes 2 or three times with the power for the glow plug disconnected to check for a hydro-locked condition before applying the starter.
If hand-cranking the engine, always use a „chicken stick“. NEVER use your hand or other body parts to start the engine. See the safety section for more details. Always read the safety section completely before attempting to run an AP09 engine.
When starting the engine for the first time, refer to the Break-In Section before continuing to adjust the engine.
1. Disconnect the power to the glow plug.
2. Open the throttle and open the needle valve 2.5 turns from the fully closed position. Fully closed is when the high-speed needle valve is screwed all the way into the assembly. Unscrewing the needle valve enriches the fuel mixture.
3. Open the carburettor and cover the exhaust opening with your finger. Turn the engine over several times to draw fuel from the tank into the engine. Turning the engine over too many times can result in flooding, making the engine difficult to start.
4. Uncover the exhaust while immediately continuing to turn the engine over three to five more times. This draws the fuel on into the cylinder without flooding.
5. Set the carburettor to approximately ¼ throttle. Connect the power to the glow plug.
6. Turn the engine over with the chicken stick or electric starter. If the engine doesn‘t start, check that the fuel is reaching the engine. Repeat steps 1-4. (If this still fails, check the glow plug and electrical connection.)
7. Once the engine starts, open the throttle to full if using the R/C version. Slight adjustments (no more than ¼ turn) can be made to the high end needle valve to keep the engine running.
8. After 20 to 40 seconds, disconnect the battery to the glow plug. Then slowly turn the needle valve to „lean“ the mixture and increase rpms. Over adjusting or abrupt adjustments will „over lean“ the engine and cause it to stall and possibly to damage the engine. If this is the first or an early run for the engine, refer to the Break-In section of the manual before continuing.
9. To restart when warm, simply connect the power to the glow plug and turn the engine over. If the engine is very hot, it may need to be re-primed. Only commence in re-priming the engine if it does not fire without the prime. A hot engine can sometimes burn the prime prematurely. If the engine is that hot, you may wish to let it cool a few minutes before restarting. You may also wish to re-evaluate your needle valve setting. It may be too lean.
BREAK-IN PROCEDURE DETAILS
1. The break-in process allows the engine parts to perfectly fit to each other and properly protect the parts against unnecessary wear. The engine should be broken-in using a fuel with no more than 15% nitromethane content. Castor oil is important to the break-in process. Fuels with all synthetic oil content should not be used. Do not mount the engine in a vice or similar device. The most effective place to break-in the engine is in the plane in which the engine will be used. This way, the muffler, tank, and throttle linkage that will be used during flight will be tested in combination with the engine.
2. Refer to the propeller chart and select the correct propeller.
3. Start the engine as described in the starting procedures section.
4. Once the engine has started, at a full throttle setting, adjust the high speed needle valve to a very (or „sloppy“) rich position. (Unscrewing the needle valve enriches the fuel mixture.) Let the engine run for two to three minutes. Stop the engine.
5. Once the engine has cooled, restart the engine. Set the mixture to a slightly leaner setting. Let the engine run for a few minutes and then let it cool.
6. Repeat this process while slowly leaning the mixture during each short run.
7. After approximately 30 minutes of actual run time, the engine should be ready to fly.
8. Fly the plane with the engine set as rich as possible, but with adequate power.
9. After each flight, lean the engine slightly. Continue to do this, until at the end of ten flights the engine is holding a normal needle valve setting. Remember, do not over-lean the engine.
HIGH-END NEEDLE VALVE
It is imperative to the life of your AP09 that it never be run too lean. One lean run can ruin an engine. Therefore, please read the directions carefully to ensure proper operation of your AP09 engine.
1. The high speed needle is used to set the fuel/air mixture at full throttle. Never over lean the engine. An over lean condition will decrease the fuel and therefore the oil, being ingested into the engine. Too little oil will lead to a damaged engine.
2. The high-end needle should be set rich, 200 to 300 rpm lower than „peak“ rpm. To facilitate carburettor adjustments, you may wish to use a digital tachometer.
3. With the model‘s nose positioned high (60 to 90 degrees up from the ground) the engine should not become too lean but may increase in rpm slightly from the setting in step 2. In the nose high position, the mixture should not lean past the „peak“ setting.
4. Always watch the exhaust during flight. The exhaust should leave a slight trail of smoke (it is often blue in colour). If the engine is too lean, it will not leave any trail.
5. Flying Conditions When flying, the running environment changes for the engine. For this reason, it is critical to watch the plane and listen to the engine. Needle valve adjustments may be necessary once the plane has flown.
LUBRICATION
When the engine is properly set, the fuel provides plenty of lubrication while the engine is running. After the last run of the day, the engine should be run dry of fuel and an after run engine oil should be applied to the engine‘s internal parts through the carburettor and glow plug openings. This will protect the engine‘s moving parts from rust and other deterioration.
CARE AND MAINTENANCE
To ensure that you obtain long life and peak performance from your engine, observe the following:
1. Avoid running the engine under dusty conditions.
2. Clean the fuel tank with fuel before installation.
3. Install a fuel filter between the fuel tank and the fuel inlet.
4. Clean the filters periodically.
5. At the end of the flying session, do not leave raw fuel in the tank or in the engine. Use an after run oil in the engine once the fuel has been expelled.
6. Clean the outside of the engine with a soft, dry cloth to prevent debris from discolouring the engine.
7. Do not take the engine apart without a reason. If you experience difficulties whilst not having any previous experience with model internal combustion engines you should consider contacting the KAVAN service centre.
SPARE PARTS LIST
To order replacement parts, visit your nearest KAVAN Europe s.r.o. dealer.
Spare parts are supplied in the sets listed below.
| PART # | DESCRIPTION |
| 09102+09101 | Crankcase and back plate |
| 09103 | Cylinder Head |
| 09210 | Crankshaft |
| 09238(09218+09219)+09108 | Prop Drive, 2x Washer, Nut |
| 09601(09604+09606+12114) | Silencer Complete |
| 12804P+12816 | Carberettor Complete with O-Ring |
| 09124(09119+40118) | Carberettor Pinch Clamp |
| 12110+12109 | Bearing set (front / rear) |
| 09203 | Piston and Liner set |
| 09204 | Conrod |
| 09213(09207+09208) | Gudgen Pin and Cap |
| 40845+12816 | O ring set (Carb body, high and low speed needle) |
| 09111+09609(3)+09112(2) | Gasket set (exhaust, cylinder head, backplate) |
| 09123B(4) | Engine Bolt set(4pcs) |
WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A FAILURE?
A guide to the warranty and post-warranty repairs
Warranty Conditions
Since this engine, which requires regular maintenance and care, is intended for operation by the modeller under conditions of much higher performance and load on the model than those to which toys in the ordinary sense of the word are exposed, we cannot assume (and it cannot be supposed) any guarantee relating to how long it takes before individual parts need to be replaced due to wear. Engine parts wear out and require replacement over time. If any part of the engine appears to be damaged, defective or incorrectly installed when the engine is new – before the first start – this part will be repaired or replaced free of charge. Engines are only protected by the warranty against manufacturing defects in material, workmanship or assembly when new (before use).
If any part is found to be defective, incorrectly manufactured or incorrectly assembled during the statutory warranty period, it will be repaired or replaced by the importer free of charge. If you believe that the defect in material, workmanship or assembly was not apparent when the model was new and only became apparent after the product was used, then please contact KAVAN Europe s.r.o. (e-mail: info@kavanrc.com, tel. +420 446 260 133). We firmly believe in the quality of the products we sell and will do our utmost to ensure that you are satisfied with them.
Warranty Limitations
This warranty does not cover damage caused by improper or rough handling, negligence, accidents, water or excessive humidity, damage caused by chemicals, improper or negligent maintenance, neglect of maintenance, accidents and acts of God, unauthorized changes or modifications, use of incorrect fuel. The warranty does not cover engine parts that are considered consumables (spark plugs, oils, etc.). KAVAN Europe s.r.o. does not cover the costs of transporting defective parts from the user. Role of the Model Shop The shop where you have purchased the engine is the first place where you should apply for a warranty repair or complaint. The dealer can help with identifying a possible defect and communicating with the importer. Only if for some reason it is not possible to use the services of the shop where the model has been purchased, contact KAVAN Europe s.r.o. directly.
Limitation of Liability
KAVAN Europe s.r.o. does not provide - nor can it be assumed to provide - any other warranties. KAVAN Europe s.r.o. is not responsible for any special, incidental or consequential damages arising from the assembly or use of its products, accessories or chemicals required for the use of its products. The moment the product is used or operated, the user assumes all liability arising therefrom. In no event shall KAVAN Europe s.r.o.‘s liability exceed the actual sales price paid for the product.
How to send products for warranty or non-warranty service?
First, email or call the importer or service centre. It often happens that a product may appear defective or malfunctioning simply because it has not been used correctly or requires only simple adjustment. One email or phone call to our experienced service technicians can solve everything quickly and easily! When sending your product for service check/repair, please remember to include:
• A copy of your proof of purchase
• A return address
• A telephone number where you can be reached during business hours
• Your email address
• A detailed description of the problem
Preparing Your Motor for Service
The guidelines below will help you save on postage and assist our service technicians in carrying out repairs and returning products.
• Clean the engine before shipping to avoid paying an additional cleaning fee.
• Do not send fuel, batteries, accumulators, chargers, glow plug clips and glow plug heating devices, operating instructions or other accessories that you use when operating your engine (unless the service technician requests that you send one of these items). You will save on postage and avoid the risk of loss during transportation. KAVAN Europe s.r.o. is not responsible for the loss of unwanted accessories during transportation to the service or repair.
• When sending the product to the service, insure the product for the price corresponding to the newly purchased product. KAVAN Europe s.r.o. is in no way responsible for the loss of the product during transportation to the service.
• Pack the product thoroughly and securely in a hard cardboard box of appropriate dimensions. A freely moving engine in a large box can only cause additional damage.
• If possible, avoid using shredded paper or foam padding. If this cannot be avoided, place the padding or motor in a sealed plastic bag(s).
• Include all documentation needed to repair the motor, along with as detailed and concise a description of the fault or problem as possible.
• Include a telephone number where you can be reached during the business day and an email address so that the service technician can contact you with additional questions about the repair.
• Include a note with your address. It is surprising how often this is forgotten.